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What two traits make cnidarians more complex than sponges?

What two traits make cnidarians more complex than sponges? Ability to reproduce sexually & asexually. Ability to move & capture food. Ability to move & reproduce sexually. How is coral different from an anemone? It is a polyp. b. It lives as a colony c. It is a medusa

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What two traits make cnidarians more complex than sponges?

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  1. What two traits make cnidarians more complex than sponges? • Ability to reproduce sexually & asexually. • Ability to move & capture food. • Ability to move & reproduce sexually. • How is coral different from an anemone? • It is a polyp. b. It lives as a colony c. It is a medusa • What is the name of the stage of jellyfish shown to the right? • Strobila b. Planula c. Ephyra • If the pulsing of a jellyfish isn’t for locomotion, what else does it do? • Used for food capture • Used for attracting a mate • Used for spreading sperm • What type of skeleton does an anemone have? • Calcium carbonate shell • Liquid • Bone DAILY QUIZ

  2. How to make a CORRECT microscope drawing: • Use pencil • Title and magnification • Label OUTSIDE the circle • Use straight lines that DO NOT CROSS • COLOR when appropriate.

  3. Unit 2B Journal #5 1/29 • Differentiate between the polyp body plan and medusa body plan in cnidarians.

  4. Unit 2B Journal #6 2/1 • Write the letter of each part listed: • Gastrovascular cavity • Epidermis • Gastrodermis • Tentacle • Mouth • Basal disk • Cnidocyte • Mesoglea

  5. 2/2 • TURN IN YESTERDAYS LAB TO THE BASKET ON MY DESK • Journal #7 • Cnidarian coloring sheet/or drawing • Aurelia life cycle wkst • Vocab quiz *If you are staying after school Tuesday please let me know for sure today, I want to have your corrections ready for you Tuesday when you walk in after school because I must leave by 4:15

  6. Journal #7 2/2 • Describe how a cnidocyte functions. Include the following words in your description: cnidocytecnidocil nematocyst operculum thread w/barb venom

  7. 2/3 • Journal #8-you will turn in once we get to 10 • Coral Reefs in Crisis Article • Coral Reef posters-each group will research a different topic and complete a poster for that topic TURN IN YOUR COLORING SHEET TO THE BASKET ON MY DESK PLEASE

  8. Unit 2B Journal #8 2/3 • How are cnidarians important to you and/or the environment? Cnidarian test friday

  9. 1/28 • Cnidarian notes • Study guide • Get new unit sheet *If you need to makeup the sponge lab it must be done no later than tomorrow after school *I don’t have test grades yet

  10. PHYLUM CNIDARIA HYDRAS, JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONES, CORAL, BOX JELLYFISH

  11. General Information • “Cnido” means nettle (stinging cell) • EX: hydras, jellyfish, sea anemones, coral • Found in marine & freshwater • Symmetry: Radial • Oral & aboral surface • No cephalization • Acoelomates

  12. 6. Diploblastic: two tissue layers develop from gastrula stage. • Ectoderm- develops into epidermis (skin) • Epitheliomuscular cells- for movement • Cnidocytes- for food capture/defense • Mesoglea- gelatinous middle layer containing nerve net. • Polyp- thin • Medusa- thicker • Gastroderm-develops into gut cavity • Gland cells- lubricate digestive cavity • Gastroderm- secretes digestive enzymes to digest prey.

  13. General Body Plans: Polyp & Medusa Basal disk

  14. Body Forms • Polyp a. Cylindrical, column-like body b. Mouth points up, surrounded by tentacles c. Sessile, attached to surface by basal disc d. Ex: hydra, sea anemone

  15. Medusa a. Bell or cup shaped body b. Mouth points downward surrounded by tentacles that hang down c. Free swimming- moves by gently pulsating body d. Ex: jellyfish

  16. III. Skeleton/support • Polyp: • have a hydrostatic skeleton-fill GVC w/water. • Gives support • Aids in movement- somersaults, inchworm • Ex: hydra, anemone • Exception- coral is sessile • 2. Medusa: • Mostly float w/currents • Can pulse bell

  17. IV. Digestion/Feeding • Eat daphnia, protists, larva, etc • Use cnidocyte containing nematocyst on tentacles to sting/stun prey • Stuff food into mouth using tentacles at oral end. (mouth on hump called hypostome) • Food is digested by gastroderm cells that line the gastrovascular cavity (GVC) • Solid Wastes leave thru mouth. • Incomplete gut b/c only 1 opening

  18. How do cnidocytes work? • The cnidocyte contains the nematocyst- fluid filled capsule with coiled, barbed thread. • Prey brush against the cnidocil which is like a trigger hair • A lid called the operculum flips open & thread containing barbs stabs/entangles prey. • Cnidocyte degenerates & a new one takes its place

  19. V. Excretion • Liquid wastes: eliminated by diffusion • Solid wastes: discharged through the mouth

  20. VI. Respiration 1. DIFFUSIONthrough cell membranes directly exposed to water.

  21. VII.Nervous System • Nerve net- layer of nerve cells in mesoglea that react to stimuli. • Most primitive form of nervous system in animal kingdom. • Jellyfish consist of cells called statocysts- senses gravity, coordinates movement

  22. VIII. Reproduction • Asexual a. Budding- hydras, coral, sea anemones • Sexual a. Monoecious- hermaphrodite • Spermary- makes sperm • Ovary- makes eggs • EX: hydra (polyps) b. Dioecious- sperm & egg are produced in separate sexes. • EX: jellyfish (medusa)

  23. IX. Jellyfish Life Cycle • Sperm released by male medusa. Egg released by female. • Sperm & egg join to form zygote. • Zygote divides & differentiates into a free swimming larva called a planula. • Planula lands on a structure & begins to grow into a polyp. • Immature jellyfish grow in budding stacks called a strobila • When immature jellyfish buds break off they are called ephyra. • Ephyra grow into adult medusa jellyfish.

  24. X. Classification Craspedacusta sowerbyi (Cobb, Bartow, etc.) Class Hydrozoa * marine & fresh water * can live as single animal or colony * may be polyp or medusa * gametes made on outside of body * EX: hydra, Portuguese man-o-war

  25. Class Scyphozoa * all marine * predominant medusa stage * gametes made internally in gonads and released through the gastric pouch and finally through the mouth * called “true jellyfish” * EX: Aurelia, Lion’s mane jellyfish

  26. Lions Mane Jelly

  27. Class Anthozoa * all marine * solitary or colonial polyps * budding, monoecious or dioecious * anthozoa means “flower animal” * EX: sea anemones, coral

  28. Class Cubozoa * all marine; found in warm tropical water * medusae are cube shaped; tentacles hang down from each corner * have deadlypoison * EX: sea wasp (box jelly)

  29. XI. Economic/Environmental Significance • Part of food chain • Control animal populations • Coral & sea anemone provide habitat for other animals in coral reefs • Some corals provide medicines & jewelry EX: Cancer, arthritis, histamines, antibiotics 5. Coral reefs attract not only fish but tourists

  30. Get a half sheet of paper from the front of your row • number 1-5 • Don’t forget to put your name on it • Let’s see what you remember from yesterdays notes

  31. The stinging cell of the cnidarian is called a. Cnidocyte b. Ameobocyte c. Gland cell • Jellyfish have both a sexual & asexual stage to their life cycle. a. True b. false • Jellyfish are an example of which body form? a. Polyp b. medusa • The place where food is digested & gases are exchanged is called the a. Spongocoel b. Gastrovascular cavity c. Gland cell • The sticky adhesive base of a sea anemone is a. Spongocoel b. Gastrodermis c. Basal disc

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