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Student Society for Stem Cell Research

Student Society for Stem Cell Research. February 27, 2008 Virginia Commonwealth University. Reprogramming Skin Cells. Human skin cells have been reprogrammed to act like embryonic stem cells (induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS).

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Student Society for Stem Cell Research

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  1. Student Society for Stem Cell Research February 27, 2008 Virginia Commonwealth University

  2. Reprogramming Skin Cells • Human skin cells have been reprogrammed to act like embryonic stem cells (induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS). • Kazutoshi Takahashi and Shinya Yamanaka (Kyoto University, Japan) published in Cell. • Junying Yu and colleagures (University of Wisconsin-Madison) published in Science.

  3. Reprogramming Skin Cells • What: pluripotent stem cells generated from mature human fibroblasts • How: Uses viruses to insert several copies of three or more pluripotency genes into cells. • Result: An adult cell behaving like an embryonic stem cell. “The induced cells do all the things embryonic stem cells do - its going to completely change the field.” Professor James Thomson, University of Wisconsin-Madison

  4. Kyoto Team • The cells were similar to embryonic stem cells! • Brain and Heart tissue • Heart muscle tissue started beating.

  5. Benefits of Reprogramming • Reduces the risk of tissue rejection. • No embryo is needed. • No more controversy!

  6. Problems with Reprogramming • Viral contamination • Cancer • Not Efficient / Questionable Validity

  7. Possible Answers • Yamanaka, S., et all. (2008). Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Mouse Liver and Stomach Cells. Science. • Genetic Marking System • Cancer? • Less viral contamination • No Transgenes: “This is encouraging to those of us who are seeking a nonviral means of generating iPS cells,” said George Daley of Children’s Hospital Boston

  8. Future of Stem Cell Research • New treatments for diseases • Perfecting the Technique • Still needs to be embryonic stem cell research!

  9. Sources / Resources • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7101834.stm • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18276851?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum • http://blogs.nature.com/reports/theniche/2008/02/adult_cell_types_besides_skin.html

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