Ordered Inorganic-Organic Composites & Porous Solids:

1. Ordered Inorganic-Organic Composites & Porous Solids: Interdisciplinary Materials Science & Engineering Opportunities Dr. Brad Chmelka Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, January 23, 2002

2. Abalone shell: Protein-directed crystallization Biominerals: Strong natural structural materials • Oriented single crystals of CaCO3 • Shell exterior: 99% calcite • 1% organic • 1000 times stronger than • polycrystallineCaCO3 • Interior nacre: 99% aragonite • 1% organic • mother-of-pearl T. Schäffer et al., Chem. Mater.9, 1731 (1997) Scanning electron micrograph

3. Nanoscopic, 10-9 m Mesoscopic Microscopic, 10-6 m Macroscopic Self-Assembled Inorganic-Organic Materials

4. New Technology Opportunities & Applications • Functionalized Porous Powders and Fibers • catalysts, separation & filtration media, adsorbents Films and Coatings • functional membranes, barriers, packaging, fuel cells • Electronic Materials • low-dielectric-constant films and monoliths Optical Materials • lasers, waveguides, optical limiters, optical interconnects, photonic crystals Sensors • chemical and biosensors

5. SBA-15 20 nm 20 nm 30 nm 25 nm Hexagonal SBA-15: uniform, tunable mesoporous oxide arrays 4.7 nm 6.0 nm SiO2 Al2O3 MnOx 26.0 nm 20.0 nm TiO2 MoOx ZrO2 CuOx V2O5 ZnOx Ta2O5 CrOx SiAlO3.5 WO3 InOx Si2AlO5.5 SnO2 SbOx Al2TiO5 HfO2 CdOx ZrTiO4 • Non-oxidic systems • Semiconductors Ge2O3 NiOx SiTiO4 Nb2O5 ReOx ZrW2O8 D. Zhaoet al., Science, 279, 548 (1998) P. Yang et al., Nature, 396, 152 (1998)

6. N O N O 2 • Incorporation of Optical Functionalities In transparent composites • Organic Dyes • Conjugated Polymers • Organometallics • DNA • Semiconducting Quantum Dots • Nanowires • Inorganic Charge Transfer • Rare Earth Complexes • Enzymes, e.g., organophosphorus • hydrolase In transparent mesoporous solids 50 nm