Barry Barish Madrid, Spain 20-Jan-09

1. Designing the ILC Barry Barish Madrid, Spain 20-Jan-09 ATF-2 Final Doublet System Global Design Effort

2. Introduction to the ILC Global Design Effort The motivation: science potential Status and plans Key elements of the accelertor R&D and design effort Detectors Final Remarks Outline Global Design Effort Global Design Effort 2

3. Why e+e- Collisions ? • elementary particles • well-defined • energy, • angular momentum • uses full COM energy • produces particles democratically • can mostly fully reconstruct events Global Design Effort

4. LHC: Low mass Higgs: H  ggMH < 150 GeV/c2 • Rare decay channel: BR ~ 10-3 • Requires excellent electromagnetic calorimeter performance • acceptance, energy and angle resolution, • g/jet and g/p0 separation • Motivation for LAr/PbWO4 calorimeters for CMS • Resolution at 100 GeV: s  1 GeV • Background large: S/B  1:20, but can estimate from non signal areas CMS Global Design Effort

5. ILC: Precision Higgs physics • Model-independent Studies • mass • absolute branching ratios • total width • spin • top Yukawa coupling • self coupling • Precision Measurements Garcia-Abia et al Global Design Effort

6. How do you know you have discovered the Higgs ? Measure the quantum numbers. The Higgs must have spin zero ! The linear collider will measure the spin of any Higgs it can produce by measuring the energy dependence from threshold Global Design Effort

7. Precision measurements of the Higgs? Precision measurements of Higgs coupling Higgs Coupling strength is proportional to Mass Global Design Effort

8. Studying the Higgs SM 2HDM/MSSM Determine the underlying model Zivkovic et al Yamashita et al Global Design Effort

9. How the physics defines theILC Global Design Effort

10. Parameters for the ILC • Ecm adjustable from 200 – 500 GeV • Luminosity ∫Ldt = 500 fb-1 in 4 years • Ability to scan between 200 and 500 GeV • Energy stability and precision below 0.1% • Electron polarization of at least 80% • The machine must be upgradeable to 1 TeV Global Design Effort

11. ILC – Underlying Technology • Room temperature copper structures OR • Superconducting RF cavities Global Design Effort

12. SCRF Technology Recommendation • The recommendation of ITRP was presented to ILCSC & ICFA on August 19, 2004 in a joint meeting in Beijing. • ICFA unanimously endorsed the ITRP’s recommendation on August 20, 2004 Global Design Effort

13. Superconducting RF Technology • Forward looking technology for the next generation of particle accelerators: particle physics; nuclear physics; materials; medicine • The ILC R&D is leading the way Superconducting RF technology • high gradients; low noise; precision optics Global Design Effort

14. Designing a Linear Collider Superconducting RF Main Linac Global Design Effort

15. Luminosity & Beam Size • frep * nb tends to be low in a linear collider • Achieve luminosity with spot size and bunch charge Global Design Effort

16. Achieving High Luminosity • Low emittance machine optics • Contain emittance growth • Squeeze the beam as small as possible e- e+ ~ 5 nm Interaction Point (IP) Global Design Effort

17. ILC Reference Design • 11km SC linacs operating at 31.5 MV/m for 500 GeV • Centralized injector • Circular damping rings for electrons and positrons • Undulator-based positron source • Single IR with 14 mrad crossing angle • Dual tunnel configuration for safety and availability Reference Design – Feb 2007 Documented in Reference Design Report Global Design Effort

18. RDR Design Parameters Global Design Effort

19. ILC RDR – A Complete Concept • Reference Design Report (4 volumes) Physics at the ILC Executive Summary Detectors Accelerator Global Design Effort

20. RDR Design Parameters Global Design Effort Global Design Effort 20

21. Next: Build a Solid Technical Design • Complete crucial R&D to reduce technical risk • SCRF gradient; final focus; electron cloud • Optimize the ILC design for coherence, simplicity and cost / performance • Minimum Machine • Develop capability to industrialize, construct ILC worldwide and develop international model for governance • Project Implementation Plan Global Design Effort

22. ILC-GDE Organization Chart PAC ILCSC FALC FALC-RG Director’s Office = ~ Central Team = ~ EC AAP ILC-GDE Director Regional Directors Project Managers Experts • Project. M. Office • EDMS • Cost & Schedule • - Machine Detector Interface • - ILC, XFEL, Project X liaison • ILC Communications Global Design Effort

23. TD Phase 1 Timescale: Interim report mid 2010 Major theme: High-priority risk-mitigating R&D and studies of cost reduction ideas R&D demonstrations of critical items Minimum design -- top down cost/performance optimizaton to develop a new baseline by 2010 Studies of governance models for a global project Development of a site selection plan with ILCSC Or how do we reduce the time to construction start and therefore to physics results? Global Design Effort Global Design Effort 23

24. Timescale: Produce report by mid-2012 First goal:New baseline design SCRF – S1 Test of one RF unit Detailed technical design studies Updated VALUE estimate and schedule Remaining critical R&D and technology demonstration Second Goal: Project Implementation Plan. TD Phase 2 Global Design Effort Global Design Effort 24

25. R&D Plan - Technical Design Phase First Official Release June 08 A 50 page document with details of all programs and schedules New: Release 3 Global Design Effort Global Design Effort Global Design Effort 25

26. Detector Concepts Report Global Design Effort

27. Push-Pull Concept for two detectors detector B The concept is evolving and details being worked out may be accessible during run detector A accessible during run Platform for electronic and services (~10*8*8m). Shielded (~0.5m of concrete) from five sides. Moves with detector. Also provide vibration isolation. Global Design Effort

28. Detector Performance Goals • ILC detector performance requirements and comparison to the LHC detectors: ○ Inner vertex layer ~ 3-6 times closer to IP ○ Vertex pixel size ~ 30 times smaller ○ Vertex detector layer ~ 30 times thinner Impact param resolution Δd = 5 [μm] + 10 [μm] / (p[GeV] sin 3/2θ) ○ Material in the tracker ~ 30 times less ○ Track momentum resolution ~ 10 times better Momentum resolution Δp / p2 = 5 x 10-5 [GeV-1] central region Δp / p2 = 3 x 10-5 [GeV-1] forward region ○ Granularity of EM calorimeter ~ 200 times better Jet energy resolution ΔEjet / Ejet = 0.3 /√Ejet Forward Hermeticity down to θ = 5-10 [mrad] Global Design Effort

29. Detector Performance Goals Global Design Effort

30. Detector Performance Goals Global Design Effort

31. Detector Plans Global Design Effort

32. Detector Plans Global Design Effort

33. Final Remarks • The accelerator design is now in the technical design phase, which will culminate in 2012 with completion of crucial R&D and optimized cost / performance / risk design (see M Ross – next talk) • The physics simulations and detector development are equally challenging. There are opportunities in fundamental detector R&D, in detector design, simulations, etc • The science motivation for a lepton collider is very strong. We await LHC for validation, and then we should be ready to make a strong proposal. Global Design Effort

34. Final Comment • Over the next few years we must put together an irresistible case to achieve our dream of building a new major global particle accelerator • You may ask whether we have the will, motivation and strength to succeed?? • Borrowing from hope, success and inspiration of our new U.S. president (by 6pm tonite). YES WE CAN!! Global Design Effort