Positive Behavior Intervention Supports

1. PositiveBehavior Intervention Supports A Case Study on PBIS Use and Effectiveness at a Juvenile Detention Center

2. Presenters • HollieFilce • Assistant Professor at the University of Southern Mississippi and REACH-MS Project Director • Selina Merrell • REACH-MS State Coordinator • Brittany Herrington • REACH-MS Graduate Assistant

3. PBIS at a Glance • Identify appropriate expectations and rules • Develop a system to teach students appropriate behavior • Create a predictable discipline referral system so that students can be provided with consistent consequences for behavior violations • Generate a reinforcement system that will increase the likelihood that students will exhibit the expected behavior • Communicate findings to staff, students, and families

4. 3-Tiered System www.pbis.org

5. Review of the Literature • Majority of published materials advocate for the need for PBIS in juvenile justice systems and/or suggest best-practice approaches for it’s implementation • Characteristics of students in juvenile justice systems • Full implementation across the facility though it may begin in one area (i.e. educational unit) • Utilize PBIS model with existing juvenile justice policies for safety and security reasons • Published materials express little to no literature on the effectiveness of PBIS implementation in the juvenile justice system • Decreases in inappropriate behavior and need for restraints reported

6. Iowa Juvenile Home/Girls State Training School • Non-secure facility practicing PBIS • 3 focus groups • 6 administrators • 9 teachers • 7 clinical treatment staff • 9 Themes • Ecological congruence • Role clarity • Philosophical shift agreement • Cache of pro active preventative strategies • Consistent Practices • Logistics • Data-based decision making • Achievement Outcomes Houchins, Jolivette, Wessendorf, McGlynn& Nelson, 2005

7. Louisiana Research Project • 3 facilities practicing PBIS • Surveyed all teachers in the 3 facilities for barriers to PBIS practice and suggestions to alleviate the barriers • 9 themes • Personnel concerns • Academics • Student needs • Behavior and discipline • Materials and supplies • Parental involvement • Funding • Communication • Facilities Houchins, Puckett-Patterson, Crosby, Shippen& Jolivette, 2009

8. Mississippi Research • Qualitative Research Methods • Instrumental Case Study • 1 Juvenile Detention Center (JDC) in Mississippi • At the study’s beginning in March of 2013, the educational staff had already been trained in PBIS. Currently, the correctional officers and court staff are still undergoing PBIS training.

9. The JDC Facility • Considered a long-term facility • Houses for 20+ counties in Mississippi • Both males and females • Ages 10-17 • Over 40 juveniles at one time is a high number though there are many more beds • Both those juveniles waiting for a court hearing and those convicted • Maximum sentence=90 days • Some may only stay 1 or 2 days

10. The JDC’s Educational Programming • 2 classrooms • Typically 1 classroom for boys and 1 for girls • Designed for a maximum of 20 students each • 3 teachers and 1 part-time assistant • 1 male • 1 special education teacher, 2 general education teachers • All major subjects (English, math, science, social studies) and character education

11. Participants and Data Collection • Interviews • 4 detained adolescents • 2 teachers (1 special education, 1 general education) • 2 youth counselors • 3 detention center staff • Observations • Both during instructional and non-instructional times

12. Data Analyses • Interviews were transcribed. • Observations were typed = field notes. • Each transcription and field notes were coded separately for categories. • Common themes found across transcriptions and field notes were developed from the coded categories.

13. Discussion Question 1 What types of view do you expect there to be regarding this use of PBIS at a juvenile detention center? Do you think the views will differ among the subgroups of participants? Explain.

14. THEMES

15. Discussion Question 2 Do you agree or disagree with any of the views found through this particular study?

16. Discussion Question 3 Since the inclusion of PBIS practices at juvenile detention centers is rather new, what are some ways to present the effectiveness of PBIS practices in schools to juvenile detention centers that may provoke these centers to consider utilizing PBIS practices?

17. References Gagnon, J. C. & Barber, B. (2010). Characteristics of and services provided to youth in secure care facilities. Behavioral Disorders, 36(1), 7-19. Gagnon, J. C., Rockwell, S. B., & Scott, T. M. (2008). Positive behavior supports in exclusionary schools: a practical approach based on what we know. Focus on Exceptional Children, 41(1). 1-20. Houchins, D. E., Jolivette, K., Wessendorf, S., McGlynn, M., & Nelson, C. M. (2005). Stakeholders’ view of implementing positive behavioral support in a juvenile justice setting. Education and Treatment of Children, 28(4), 380-399. Houchins, D. E., Puckett-Patterson, D., Crosby, S., Shippen, M. E., & Jolivette, K. (2009). Barriers and facilitators to providing incarcerated youth with a quality education. Preventing School Failure, 53(3), 159-166. Jolivette, K. & Nelson, C. M. (2010). Adapting positive behavioral interventions and supports for secure juvenile justice settings: improving facility-wide behavior. Behavioral Disorders, 36(1), 28-42. Jolivette, K. & Nelson, C. M. (2013). Positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) a multi-tiered framework: An alternative to traditional school disciplinary practices. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention State Training and Technical Assistance Center. Retrieved from http://www.juvenilejustice- tta.org/sites/default/files/SSD%20Webinar%202-%20Multi-Tiered%20Framework_Nelson-Jolivette%20Handout.pdf McDermott, J., Scacciaferro, J., Visker, J. D., & Cox, C. (2012). Student’s perceptions of school learning climate in a rural juvenile detention educational facility. OJJDP Journal of Juvenile Justice, 1(2), 20-33. Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports. (2013). OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Effective Schoolwide Interventions. Retrieved from http://www.pbis.org/ Scott, T. M., Nelson, C. M., Liaupsin, C. J., Jolivette, K., Christle, C. A., & Riney, M. (2002). Addressing the needs of at- risk and adjudicated youth through positive behavior support: effective prevention practices. Education and Treatment of Children, 25(4), 532-551. Sidana, A. (2006). PBIS in juvenile justice settings. Washington DC: The National Evaluation and Technical Assistance Center for the Education of Children and Youth Who Are Neglected, Delinquent, or At-Risk. Retrieved from http://www.neglecteddelinquent.org/nd/resources/spotlight/spotlight200601b/asp Texas Juvenile Justice Department. (2012). Effectiveness of positive behavioral interventions and supports: A report to the Texas. Retrieved from http://www.tjjd.texas.gov/publications/reports/PBISLegislativeReport2012-12.pdf

18. Thank You for Attending!