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Changing Matter

Changing Matter. Physical & Chemical Changes. What different ways can we differentiate between people?. Properties How we identify something. Matter has properties. Two basic types of properties that we can associate with matter. Physical properties Chemical properties.

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Changing Matter

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  1. Changing Matter Physical & Chemical Changes

  2. What different ways can we differentiate between people? • Properties • How we identify something.

  3. Matter has properties • Two basic types of properties that we can associate with matter. • Physical properties • Chemical properties

  4. Physical Properties • Anything that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. (Tends to be measurable.) • melting point • boiling point • electrical conductivity • color • density • thermal conductivity • ductility • malleability

  5. Malleability • The ability of an object to be molded into different shapes. • Example – metals. Opposite – Brittle, not flexible.

  6. Ductility • The ability of an object to be drawn into thin wires without losing strength. • Metals are ductile.

  7. Chemical Properties • The way a substance may change or react to form other substances • combustion • reactivity with water • PH • Oxidation • Flammability • Reactivity to other chemicals Combustion - the process of burning something

  8. Matter can be changed two ways • Physically • Physical reaction • Physical change • Chemically • Chemical reaction • Chemical change

  9. Physical Changes • DoNOT CHANGE THE TYPE OF MATTER • Nothing new or different is formed • Could be a change in: • Mass • Volume • Density • Change in state • Color • Shape Size

  10. Physical Changes • Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same. • It changes phase (freezes, boils, evaporates, condenses, sublimates)

  11. Examples of Physical Changes • Boiling • Freezing • Dissolving • Breaking • Making a mixture • 2 or more types of matter (substances) mixed together • Not in specific amounts • Can be separated physically

  12. Chemical Changes • Chemical changes, or chemical reactions, are changes that result in the production of another substance.  • Changes the way the molecules link up (chemical composition) • Makes new substances (new compounds, or compounds are broken down into the elements that make them up) • The substances present at the beginning of the change are not present at the end; new substances are formed. The change cannot be “undone.”

  13. Chemical Changes • Evidence of a chemical reaction • Formation of gas • Formation of precipitate • Change in color • Change in energy (temperature) • EndothermicAbsorbs heat energy (gets cold) • ExothermicReleases heat energy (gets hot)

  14. Chemical Changes • Atoms are re-arranged, NOT created or destroyed

  15. It’s a chemical change if…. • It burns • Temperature changes without heating/cooling

  16. It’s a chemical change if…. • It bubbles (makes a gas)

  17. It’s a chemical change if... • It changes color • It forms a precipitate – (solid that forms from two liquids).

  18. Again signs that a Chemical Change has occurred • Creation of a gas (bubbles) • Creation or loss of heat • Fire • Rotting • Breaking down (decomposition) • Precipitation (Sour milk clumps) • Cooking • Rusting (oxidation)

  19. Chemical Change • The only TRUE sign that a chemical change has taken place is the formation of a new substance. • A new substance that was not there before. • A new substance with a new chemical composition (Atoms are arranged differently).

  20. Basically What You’re Telling Me Is… • If you end up with a chemical or chemicals that you did not start with, It is a chemical change!!!!!!!

  21. Another Example Is… • Eating… • Now eating can change food both physically and chemically. • Chewing is Physical but… • Once the food touches the chemicals in the saliva begin to change the food chemically.

  22. Law of Conservation of Matter • Matter is conserved type of atoms does not change • Nothing is created or destroyed

  23. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass is conserved amount of atoms cannot change • Nothing is created or destroyed

  24. What kind of change is it if someone... • Tears up paper? • Physical change • Mixes salt and water? • Physical change

  25. What kind of change is it if someone... • Burns paper? • Chemical change • Evaporates salt water? • Physical change

  26. What kind of change is it if someone... • Mixes vinegar and baking soda? • Chemical change

  27. Physical and Chemical Changes Quiz ……….True or False?? 1. With a physical change, no new substance is formed.   2. With a chemical change, a chemical reaction occurs. 3. With a physical change, energy is either given off or absorbed. 4. A chemical change can be easily reversed. 5. Eating food can be considered both physical and chemical changes.

  28. Physical and Chemical Changes Quiz……….Answers! 1. With a physical change, no new substance is formed.  TRUE 2. With a chemical change, a chemical reaction occurs. TRUE 3. With a physical change, energy is either given off or absorbed. FALSE 4. A chemical change can be easily reversed. FALSE 5. Eating food can be considered both physical and chemical changes. TRUE

  29. ONLINE QUIZ • http://www.fordhamprep.org/gcurran/sho/sho/review/rev15b.htm

  30. Physical or Chemical Change? • Painting Wood • PHYSICAL

  31. Physical or Chemical Change? • A ring tarnishing • CHEMICAL

  32. Physical or Chemical Change? Tarnish is a thin layer of corrosion that forms over copper, brass, silver, aluminum, magnesium and other similar metals as their outermost layer undergoes a chemical reaction. It causes to lose luster.

  33. Physical or Chemical Change? • Burning Paper • CHEMICAL

  34. Physical or Chemical Change? • Digestion of food • CHEMICAL

  35. Physical or Chemical Change? • Sugar dissolving in water • PHYSICAL

  36. Physical or Chemical Change? • Iron turning red when heated • PHYSICAL

  37. Physical or Chemical Change? • Evaporation • PHYSICAL

  38. Physical or Chemical Change? • A pond freezing in winter • PHYSICAL

  39. Physical or Chemical Change? • Melting ice • PHYSICAL

  40. Physical or Chemical Change? • Cutting wire • PHYSICAL

  41. Physical or Chemical Change? • Painting fingernails • PHYSICAL

  42. Physical or Chemical Change? • Cutting fabric • PHYSICAL

  43. Physical or Chemical Change? • Baking muffins • CHEMICAL

  44. Physical or Chemical Change? • Shattering glass • PHYSICAL

  45. Physical or Chemical Change? • Decomposition of old leaves • CHEMICAL

  46. Physical or Chemical Change? • Wrinkling a shirt • PHYSICAL

  47. Physical or Chemical Change? • An old nail rusting • CHEMICAL

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