Final Exam Review

1. Final Exam Review Marine Biology January 2014

2. A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected at all is called ___ • A. commensalism • B. parasitism • C. mutualism • D. predator/prey 1

3. All fish belong in phylum • A. porifera • B. chordata • C. echinodermata • D. arthropoda

4. Most of the fish in the world are classified as • A. jawless fish (subclass Agnatha) • B. cartilaginous fish (subclass Chondrichthyes) • C. bony fish (subclass Osteichthyes)

5. An salmon is born in a freshwater river, but spends most of its life living in the ocean. It then return to a river to spawn. This is known as being • A. catadromous • B. anadromous

6. Herring are fish that use external fertilization:they spawn in the ocean, leaving fertilized eggs floating and stuck to debris in that area. They leave, and the eggs are left alone until the young fish hatch. This type of reproduction is described as • A. oviparous • B. oviviviparous • C. viviparous

7. Which of the following animals in an echinoderm? • A. barnacle • B. clam • C. sea urchin • D. hermit crab

8. Most organisms have blood or another liquid that contains oxygen carrying proteins (called hemolymph in many creatures). Which of the following lacks any type of blood or hemolymph? • A. Arthropods • B. Mollusks • C. Echinoderms • D. Fish

9. Which structure in a fish allows it to sense the electricity in other living organisms? • A. lateral line • B. swim bladder • C. gills • D. Ampullae of Lorenzini

10. Identify the digestive gland in the sea star diagram. A E C G

11. As water freezes, it’s density ___________. This explains why ice floats. • A. increases • B. decreases 1

12. Once, in the history of the earth, all the land was condensed into one continent called _________. • A. Gondwana • B. Pangaea • C. Laurasia 2

13. The tides are actually waves, with extremely long periods. They are caused by the gravitational pull of the ________ • A. sun • B. magnetic poles • C. moon 3

14. The invisible temperature line between the surface water of the ocean and the deep ocean is called the ___________ • A. pycnocline • B. thermocline 4

15. If you were in a submarine 400m down in the ocean, which was in the process of rising to the surface, and you recorded the temperature of the water as your depth decreased you would find that the temp was ____________. • A. increasing B. decreasing 5

16. Photosynthetic prokaryotes (bacteria) were the first organisms to release _____ to the ocean and atmosphere. • A. oxygen • B. nitrogen • C. carbon dioxide 6

17. During a full moon you would have an exceptionally low, low tide, which is given the label of a __________ tide. • A. neap • B. diurnal • C. spring • D. semidiurnal 8

18. A shoreline has 1 high tide and 1 low tide in 24 hours. This would be called a _________ tide pattern. • A. mixed semidiurnal • B. semidiurnal • C. diurnal 9

19. The diffusion of water is called ________ • A. osmosis • B. hyperosmotic • C. isoosmotic 10

20. This sea star is reflecting _________ wavelengths of light, which causes it to appear red. Green Blue Yellow Red 11

21. Which letter in the drawing below represents the crest of a wave? A B C 12

22. The part/zone of the ocean where light can travel, and coral reefs are found is called the _______ zone. • A. benthic zone • B. photic zone • C. aphotic zone • D. hadal zone 13

23. The part of the diagram below that represent the contintental slope is ____ A B C D 14

24. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are held together by ______ bonds. • A. hydrogen bonds • B. polar covalent bonds • C. ionic bonds 16

25. A shoreline that has 2 high tides in 24 hours, but they are not equally high is labeled as having a ______tide pattern. • A. mixed semidiurnal • B. semidiurnal • C. diurnal 17

26. Water has a high heat of ________. This means that it can absorb a large amount of heat before it changes from liquid phase to gas phase. • A. density • B. surface tension • C. vaporization 19

27. The distance that the wind blows touching the surface of the ocean is called _________. • A. crest • B. trough • C. fetch • D. wavelength 21

28. This fish is in a(n) ________ environment. Hyperosmotic Hypoosmotic Isoosmotic 22

29. Identify the intertidal zone on the diagram below. A B C D 24

30. Which color/wavelength of light travels the deepest into the oceans? • A. Yellow • B. Violet • C. Orange • D. Blue 25

31. In the ocean the phytoplankton are usually the _______ in a food web. • A. producers • B. decomposers • C. primary consumers • D. secondary consumers 2

32. In classifying organisms the domain that includes all plants, animals, fungi, and protists is _________ • A. Archaea • B. Bacteria • C. Eukarya 3

33. All organisms in domain Bacteria belong in the kingdom __________ • A. Animalia • B. archaebacteria • C. eubacteria • D. plantae 4

34. Larger swimming organisms in the pelagic zone of the ocean can be called _____ • A. plankton • B. producers • C. nekton • D. decomposers 5

35. Any inherited trait that helps an organism survive is called an __________ adaptation. • A. evolutionary • B. ecological 6

36. Organisms that live in the mud at the bottom of the ocean can be labeled _______ • A. plankton • B. benthos • C. nekton • D. producers 7

37. “All the organisms of the same type that are able to reproduce and create fertile offspring” • This is the definition of ________ • A. mutualism • B. a species • C. sexual reproduction 9

38. A relationship between two organisms in which both benefit is called __________ • A. commensalism • B. parasitism • C. mutualism • D. predator/prey 10

39. Small marine organisms that usually drift with the current and use photosynthesis to make their own food in the photic zone of the ocean are called _______ • A. zooplankton • B. benthos • C. nekton • D. phytoplankton 11

40. Which of the following is the correct format of the Latin name of the Yellow fin tuna (shown below) according to the rules of binomial nomenclature? • A. thannusalbacares • B. ThannusAlbacares • C. Thannusalbacares • D. Thannusalbacares 12

41. 14. What type of reproduction do sponges use? • A. sexual • B. asexual • C. both sexual and asexual

42. The term that simply means “two organisms live together” is __________ • A. commensalism • B. parasitism • C. mutualism • D. symbiosis 13

43. 2. Cephalized animals have a distinct “head” containing many sense structures. • A. true • B. false

44. 3. Lobsters, crabs, and crayfish belong in ORDER ________________. • A. arthropoda • B. mandibulata • C. crustacea • D. decapoda

45. 4. Which animal belongs in Class Meristomata? • A. crayfish • B. horseshoe crab • C. spider crab

46. 5. Which appendages on a crayfish are used for moving? • A. maxillipeds • B. swimmerets • C. antennules • D. mandibles

47. 7. Small crustaceans, such as krill, are considered to be… • A. herbivores • B. carnivores • C. scavengers • D. filter feeders

48. 8. What is the gender of the Blue Crab in the picture below? • A. male • B. female

49. 9. What type of animal below is most closely related to a spider? • A. lobster • B. blue crab • C. horseshoe crab • D. hermit crab

50. 10. What type of circulatory system do arthropods have? • A. open • B. closed • C. none, they use diffusion