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Landscaping for Wildlife

Learn the basic biology, life cycle, and migration patterns of butterflies to effectively attract them to your garden. Find out the requirements for creating a butterfly-friendly environment and discover popular Florida butterfly species.

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Landscaping for Wildlife

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  1. Landscaping for Wildlife Attracting Butterflies to your Backyard Photo by Peter Fox Monarch Butterflies

  2. Photo by Joe Schaefer, American Painted Lady Attracting Butterflies • Basic Biology • Requirements • Food • Cover • Water • Florida Species

  3. Basic Biology • Insect • Life Cycle • Migration • Moths, Butterflies, Skippers

  4. Insect • Lepidoptera • Segmented body • Head • Thorax • Abdomen Eastern Tailed Blue Photo by Jaret C. Daniels

  5. Photo by Jaret C. Daniels, Zebra Swallowtail Photo by Joe Schaefer, Zebra Swallowtail Photo by Jaret C. Daniels, Zebra Swallowtail Life Cycle • Egg • Larvae (caterpillar) • Pupae (chrysalis) • Adult

  6. Eggs • Laid on larvae food plant • 2-4 mm diameter • Tough shell • Female lays many eggs

  7. Photo by Joe Schaefer, Gulf Fritillary Photo by Joe Schaefer, Zebra Swallowtail Larvae (Caterpillar) • Principle feeding stage • Chewing mouth parts • Molt several times • “False legs” • Distinctive color, pattern, shape

  8. Pupae (Chrysalis) Photo by Joe Schaefer Photo by Joe Schaefer • Leave host plant in search of shelter • Anchor themselves with silk • Last molt into chrysalis

  9. Adult Stage • Primary function to mate & lay eggs • No growth Dainty Sulphur • Coiled proboscis for sipping nectar Schaus Swallowtail Photos by Jaret C. Daniels

  10. Migration Photo by Peter Fox, Monarch butterflies

  11. Migration • The movement from one region to another • Butterflies migrate into FL during the fall • Tropical species will migrate to north FL • Females lay eggs along the way Photo by Peter Fox, Monarch butterflies

  12. Moths, Butterflies, Skippers • Butterflies have clubbed antennae • Skippers have curved antennae • Moths have feathered or plumose antennae

  13. Requirements for Creating your own Butterfly Garden • FOOD • COVER • WATER

  14. Food • Specific host plants for caterpillars • Nectar producing flowers for adults • Plant native Florida vegetation

  15. Cover • Groupings of ground cover, shrubs, bushes, and small trees • Both food and cover can be provided at the same time • Butterfly boxes are not used by butterflies

  16. Water • Shallow water dishes with rocks, sand • “Puddling”

  17. Florida Species

  18. Monarch • Bright orange with black borders and veins, white spots • Adults attracted to Milkweed flowers • Caterpillars feed on leaves, flowers, and stems • of white vine, strangler vine, milkweeds Photo by Peter Fox Photo by Jaret C. Daniels

  19. American Painted Lady • Orange-brown with dark borders on upper side • Underside with two large eyespots • Attract by planting vegetation from the Aster family Photos by Jaret C. Daniels

  20. Zebra Longwings • Upper side Black with yellow stripes; under side duller • Long and narrow wings • Host plants include Passionflower vines • This is our state butterfly! Photos by Jaret C. Daniels

  21. Viceroy • Black line across hind wings • distinguishes it from the Monarch • Mimics the Monarch • Caterpillar feeds on trees and shrubs • of the willow family Photos by Jaret C. Daniels

  22. Tiger Swallowtail • Large butterfly with black borders and stripes • The female also comes in a dark form • Host plants include: Olive, Magnolia, and Rose families Photos by Jaret C. Daniels

  23. Summary • What is a butterfly? • Requirements FOOD COVER WATER • Florida Butterflies

  24. For More Information Visit the University of Florida’s Wildlife Extension Website at: http://www.wec.ufl.edu/extension

  25. Acknowledgements Developed by:  Anamari Mena and Dr. Mark Hostetler, Department of WildlifeEcology and Conservation, IFAS, University of Florida, 2001. Photo Credits: Jaret C. Daniels, University of Florida, Entomology and Nematology DepartmentJoe Schaefer Peter Fox Anamari Mena

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