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This guide explores the benefits of cooperative group work in education, focusing on social participation, teamwork, conflict management, and teacher's role in fostering effective group dynamics.
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Learning to Work in a Cooperative Group Jan Summers
Why Do We Have Groups? • Encourages social participation of the learner • Promotes teamwork and interpersonal skills • Reduces competition • Increases retention of material
Groups Foster Social Skills • Become active listeners • Learn to ask good questions • Give others a chance to share ideas • Passive students benefit
How Do Students Learn to Manage Conflict? • Recognize conflict • Identify wants • Identify feelings • Identify others’ wants • Offer solutions • Reach agreement
Teacher’s Role • Continually monitor groups • Guide students by asking quality questions • Insure that each student is accountable
Assessment • Needs to be measured • Students require feedback • Achieved through observation • Students self-evaluate
What Makes a Group Less Successful? • Students work on their own • Interaction involves giving and checking answers • Teacher instructions are unclear • Absence of predefined student roles
What Makes a Group More Successful? • Manipulatives are used • Groups have at least three members • Rewards are used, mostly for positive behavior • Teacher monitors group • Individual or group accountability
References Chiu, M. (2004). Adapting teacher interventions to students’ needs during cooperative learning: How to improve student problem solving and time on-task. American Educational Research Journal, 41, 365-400. Emmer, E. T. & Gerwels, M.C. (2002). Cooperative learning in elementary classrooms: Teaching practices and lesson characteristics. The Elementary School Journal, 103, 75-93. Prinu, M. (2004). Does active learning work? A review of the research. Journal of Engineering Education, 93, 223-232. Vermette, P., Harper, L., & Dimillo, S. (2004). Cooperative and collaborative learning with 4-8 year olds: How does research support teachers’ practice? Journal of Instructional Psychology, 31, 130.