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Seven Elements of Culture. 1. Social Organization. Family is the most important social unit Divided into nuclear families and extended families. Nuclear families. Most common in industrialized societies Consists of only parents and their children. Extended families.
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1. Social Organization • Family is the most important social unit • Divided into nuclear families and extended families
Nuclear families • Most common in industrialized societies • Consists of only parents and their children
Extended families • More likely to be found in developing countries • Several generations living in one household • Patriarchal= led by men • Matriarchal= led by women
2. Customs and Traditions • Norms, folkways, and mores • Greatly vary from culture to culture
3. Language • All cultures have a language • Not always written down • Some places have a great multitude of languages, while others have only a few • Examples?
4. Arts and Literature • Serve as entertainment and also teach us our culture • Examples? • Strengthen a culture’s identity
5. Religion • Helps people answer basic questions about the meaning and purpose of life • Supports values and customs of a culture • Monotheism- worshiping one god • Polytheism-worshiping multiple gods
Monotheistic faiths Christianity Islam Judaism
Polytheistic faiths Hinduism Buddhism
Polytheistic faiths cont. Shinto
6. Forms of Government • People form governments to provide for their common needs • More advanced the people, more advanced and complicated the government • Many different forms
Democracy • Power is held by the people • A republic is a type of democracy where people elect leaders to represent them.
Dictatorship • One ruler, or a group, holds power by force. • People have little or no power
7. Economic Systems • Refers to how people in a culture satisfy their wants and needs • 4 types that we will talk about
Traditional Economy • People produce most of what they need • Hunting/farming/herding/gathering
Market Economy • Buyers and sellers determine what is produced and what it costs
Command Economy • Government controls what is produced, how it is produced, and the price of goods and services • Describe why this cartoon is humorous. • 2. Why are all of the other seats empty?
Mixed Economy • Most common today • Individuals can make economic decisions, just like a market economy, but there are rules. • Examples?
Recap… • Difference between nuclear and extended families • Arts and Literature’s importance to culture • Customs and Traditions-how visible • Forms of government • Economic systems • Religions • Importance of language to a culture