1 / 28

The Trace Minerals

The Trace Minerals. Objectives. After reading Chapter 7 and class discussion, you will be able to: Identify trace minerals Define trace minerals Define hemoglobin and myoglobin Describe heme and nonheme iron and its absorption. Objectives. Identify food sources of iron

Download Presentation

The Trace Minerals

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Trace Minerals

  2. Objectives • After reading Chapter 7 and class discussion, you will be able to: • Identify trace minerals • Define trace minerals • Define hemoglobin and myoglobin • Describe heme and nonheme iron and its absorption

  3. Objectives • Identify food sources of iron • Identify those at high risk for iron deficiency • Identify recommendation for daily iron intake • Describe iron toxicity symptoms

  4. The Trace Minerals

  5. The Trace Minerals • IODINE • ? Increased need • ? Inadequate intake • Disinfectants • Dough conditioners • Dairy industry • Designer salts

  6. The Trace Minerals • Other Trace Minerals • Chromium -Selenium -Fluoride • Molybdenum -Nickel -Copper • Manganese -Silicon -Cobalt • IRON • Functions • Absorption • Deficiency/Toxicity • Recommendations • Food sources

  7. Iron: Functions • Part of the protein hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood • Part of the protein myoglobin in muscles, which makes oxygen available for muscle contraction • Necessary for the utilization of energy as part of the cells’ metabolic machinery

  8. Iron Absorption

  9. Iron: Heme vs. Nonheme

  10. Factors Enhancing Nonheme Iron Absorption • MFP factor • Vitamin C • Citric acid from foods & stomach • Lactic acid from foods • HCl from stomach • Sugars (including wine)

  11. Factors Inhibiting Nonheme Iron Absorption • Phytates – soy products • Fibers – whole grains, nuts • Oxalates – spinach, beets, rhubarb • Calcium • Phosphorus • EDTA (food additive, preservative) • Tanic acid – tea, coffee

  12. Iron Deficiency • High risk for iron deficiency • Women in reproductive years • Pregnant women • Infants and young children • Teenagers • Blood loss

  13. Iron Deficiency • How is Fe deficiency measured? • How does Fe deficiency develop? • Stages of iron deficiency • Iron stores diminish • Transport iron decreases • Hemoglobin production declines

  14. Deficiency Symptoms Anemia: weakness, fatigue, headaches Impaired work performance and cognitive function Impaired immunity Pale skin, nailbeds, mucous membranes, and palm creases Concave nails Inability to regulate body temperature Pica

  15. Toxicity Symptoms • GI distress • Iron overload: infections, fatigue, joint pain, skin pigmentation, organ damage

  16. Recommendations • 2001 RDA • Men: 8 mg/day • Women (19-50 years): 18 mg/day • Women (51+ years): 8 mg/day • Upper level for adults: 45 mg/day

  17. Iron: Food Sources • Significant sources • Red meats, fish, poultry, shellfish, eggs • Legumes, dried fruits • Enrichment

  18. Non-Food Sources of Iron • Contamination iron from iron cookware • More acidic the food • Longer cooking time • Fe content of eggs can triple • Poorly absorbed • 1-2% absorbed

  19. Iron Supplements • Form • Ferrous sulfate or iron chelate • Less well absorbed so doses high • Take between meals or bedtime • Take on empty stomach • Take with liquids • Not milk, tea, coffee • Take as a single dose

  20. More On Supplements • No benefit to taking supplements with orange juice (Vitamin C) • Vitamin C converts insoluble ferric iron in foods to more soluble form of ferrous iron • Constipation a common side effect of iron supplementation • Increase water intake • Is there a negative impact to increasing fiber intake?

  21. ?

  22. Objectives • After reading Chapter 7 and class discussion, you will be able to: • Identify trace minerals • Define trace minerals • Define hemoglobin and myoglobin • Describe heme and nonheme iron and its absorption

  23. Objectives • Identify food sources of iron • Identify those at high risk for iron deficiency • Estimate recommendation for daily iron intake • Describe iron toxicity symptoms

  24. ED-U-KINETICS

More Related