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Zimbabwe's Agrarian Reform Journey: Policies, Challenges, and Future Prospects

This presentation by Sam Moyo at the University of South Africa explores the political, economic, and agricultural aspects of Zimbabwe's agrarian reform, discussing topics such as land redistribution, new land tenure systems, international relations normalization, and agricultural production decline. The presentation also covers emerging land tenure systems, security issues, and proposed frameworks for agrarian recovery. It emphasizes the importance of national ownership, equitable integration, and further research for a sustainable agrarian reform.

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Zimbabwe's Agrarian Reform Journey: Policies, Challenges, and Future Prospects

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  1. Zimbabwe’s Agrarian Reform and Prospects for Recovery Sam Moyo 29 June 2009 Presented at University of South Africa, “UNISA African Visiting Scholars Lecture Series”(28-30 June 2009) Pretoria South Africa

  2. 1. Political Aspects: National healing; Integration and Deepened Democracy and Rights 2. Economic Policy Framework Liberalisation of Prices, Capital and Current Account • Investment Policy (BIPPA’s, Indigenous) • Partial Trade liberalisation • Regional trade and economic policy harmonisation, and integration ( SADC, COMESA) 3. Agricultural Policy /Agrarian Reform: Bi- Modal Agrarian Development Strategy • Promote diverse production and marketing systems; allow diversity; national interests • Liberalisation of inputs and outputs (Commodity) prices; and Parastatal monopoly • Reform of State interventions (Marketing, new subsidies; public support) 4. Land Reform Irreversibility Framework: Accountability without reversing the redistribution • Recognise the New Land Holding Structure and address Exclusions • Equity Target: Gender, farm workers, ethnic - landless poor, whites and foreign • Tenure System Transformed: Diversity of forms need security • New: Leaseholds, Permits, Freeholds BIPPA’s + CA • Security of four rights (use, transfer, exclusion and protection) and collateral • Sustainable Land Use Regulation • Agricultural uses with support, conservancies, forestry and effective natural resource management systems • Compensation for acquired forms needs negotiation 5. Normalise international relations • Isolation (Investment, trade credit, promotion, tourism) • Sanctions (access to international financial and institutions – loans NEED EMPIRICAL GROUNDING Global Political Agreement (GPA) FRAMING THE DEBATE Sam Moyo

  3. 1.0 PERSPECTIVES ON ZIMBABWE’S AGRARIAN REFORM (1.1): PRE-2000 Sam Moyo

  4. 1.2 Perceived post Fast Track land and agrarian outcomes Sam Moyo

  5. New agrarian structure Farm types/numbers Farm type: Area

  6. 2.1.2 Farm size differentiation: class formation? Sam Moyo

  7. Overall Land Redistribution Issues 2.3.1 Overall distribution outcome Sam Moyo

  8. 2.2 Social differentiation of beneficiaries (origins, jobs, labour) 2.2 Social differentiation of beneficiaries (origins, jobs, labour)2.2.1 Origins of the beneficiaries Sam Moyo

  9. 2.2.2 Employment histories of beneficiaries: class background? *Pvt – Private, CS- Civil Servant ; **Other – Farm worker, domestic worker, informal, student/diaspora Sam Moyo

  10. 2.2 Gender dimensions of access to redistributed land Sam Moyo

  11. 2.5.2 Foreign owned farms a key battle (500 000 ha) Sam Moyo

  12. 3.0 EMERGING LAND TENURE SYSTEM & SECURITY ISSUES Sam Moyo

  13. Figure 4.3: Land Use Trends: Maize production in Zimbabwe Sam Moyo

  14. Figure 4.5: Key exports’ output trends Sam Moyo

  15. Fig. 4.6: Soya beans, groundnuts, beans & sunflower output trends Sam Moyo

  16. 5.0 UNDERSTANDING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION DECLINE5.1 Dominant Perspectives on Causes of Agricultural Decline Sam Moyo

  17. Chart 5.1 Policy matrix: factors affecting agricultural production Sam Moyo

  18. Fig 5.1: Zimbabwe Fertilizer Production and Consumption: 1999 - 2008 5.2 Proximate Causes and Factors of Decline Sam Moyo

  19. 6.1 Dominant Perspectives on Agrarian Decline & Recovery Sam Moyo

  20. 6.2 Proposed Framework for Agrarian Recovery Sam Moyo

  21. A sustainable agrarian reform: • Ensure national ownership of the strategy and implementation • Embedded in equitable designed integration • Agenda requires more research and analysis than is so far evident CONCLUDING COMMENT Sam Moyo

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