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Manuel Avendaño J. V. Milanović

School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering. Methodology for Flexible, Cost -Effective Monitoring of Voltage Sags. Manuel Avendaño J. V. Milanović. Manchester, UK. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529. What did we do?.

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Manuel Avendaño J. V. Milanović

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  1. School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Methodology for Flexible, Cost-Effective Monitoring of Voltage Sags Manuel Avendaño J. V. Milanović Manchester, UK Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  2. What did we do? • Proposed methodology for determining a range of best monitoring programmes for estimating the performance of sags with different characteristics. • Incorporated user-defined voltage sag characteristics and a measure of the overall accuracy of sag estimation. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  3. Presentation Outline • Why did we do it? (Importance and motivation) • How did we do it? (Methodology) • What did we get? (Results) • What did we learn? (Conclusions) Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  4. Why did we do it? • Knowledge of voltage sag incidence in the network can help in tailoring solutions to mitigate the consequences of sags. • Estimation of sag characteristics is required when measurements are not available. • Fault location method utilized directly influences the number of monitors. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  5. Why did we do it? • Sag monitoring programs (SMPs) should be focused on quantifying most critical sags • (E.g. SARFI-90%, SARFI-70%, SEMI F47, etc) • To provide a measure for assessing the sag estimation derived from a SMP • (Diff. between real and estimated events) Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  6. How did we do it? • Selection of monitor locations based on minimization of overall sag estimation error. • Utilization of existing fault location method. • Application in a generic distribution system (GDS) and comparison with an optimal placement method. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  7. Sag estimation error (SEE) N = total number of buses = real number of sags below i.c. SEMI F47 at bus i = estimated number of sags below i.c. SEMI F47 at busi SEMI F47 can be substituted by any other voltage-tolerance curve (CBEMA), performance index (SARFI), etc. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  8. Monitor placement • Set target value for SEE or number of monitors (stop criteria). • Simulate faults to obtain sag performance. • Perform fault location using voltage measurements of all buses. • Calculate SEE incurred by all buses. • Monitor location = min(SEE) • Repeat steps 3-5 until a stop criterion is fulfilled. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  9. What did we get? An iterative search algorithm that is: • Flexible. One or multiple monitoring programmes can be determined forany kind of user-defined voltage sag characteristics. • Cost-effective. If technical and/or economic constraints limit the number of monitors to be deployed, a series of SMPs can be provided accordingly. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  10. Application • 295-bus GDS, 278 lines, 37 transformers. GDS equipment shut-down region below SEMI F47 Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  11. Sag Monitoring Programmes Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  12. Reduction of sag estimation error Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  13. Location of monitors SMP – SARFI-90 Optimal monitoring Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  14. Effects of robustness in fault location method on sag magnitude estimation Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  15. Comparison with optimal monitoring 12 monitors optimally placed vs. 5 monitors placed with proposed approach. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  16. Comparison with optimal monitoring Distribution of SEE for Monte Carlo simulations representing 100 years of system performance Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

  17. Conclusions • A methodology for determining a range of best voltage sag monitoring programmes is proposed. • DNOs can choose a sag monitoring programme specifically designed to estimate the performance of the sags more relevant to its customers. • Due to the fault location technique employed it is more robust than previous approaches. Manuel Avendaño – UK – Session 2 – Paper 0529

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