The Age Of Exploration chapter 18

1. The Age Of Explorationchapter 18

2. Europe Gets Ready To Explore 1. In the 1400’s and 1500’s nations Western Europe began exploring the world. 2.They soon gained control of the Americas, parts of India and parts of Southeast Asia. 3.These events helped lead to exploration • Trade with Asia • New Technology • The Rise of Strong Nations • Printing of maps

3. Trade With Asia 4.Europeans were buying spices, silks and other goods from Asia • The Silk Road • Goods became very expensive b/c they traded hands so many times Local rulers along silk road Turks European merchants

4. Trade With Asia • 5. Merchants began looking for a route to East Asia that bypassed the Middle East. They wanted to cut out the middle man and get the goods CHEAPER!!!

5. New Technology 6. New inventions helped Europeans navigate the dangerous Atlantic Ocean. 7. From the Arabs, Europeans learned about the: • Astrolabe-ancient Greek device that could be used to find latitude • Compass-invented by the Chinese, helped navigators find magnetic north • Triangular sails-developed by Arabs helped a ship zigzag into wind.

6. New Technology 8. Europeans also began building a new type of ship called a caravel. This ship had: • Many masts • Smaller sails to make the ship go faster • New rudder for easier steering

7. The Rise Of Strong Nations 9. In the 1400’s the rise of the towns and trade helped make European governments stronger Kings and Queens could tax the trade in their kingdoms then use the money to build armies and navies 10. 4 strong kingdoms developed in Europe • Portugal • Spain • France • England All were anxious to find a sea route to Asia!

8. Printing Of Maps 11.Invention of the printing press helped spread ideas about cartography and geography 12 Through books Europeans learned the geography of East Africa and Indian Ocean 13.If they could find a way around Africa, they could get to Asia!!!

9. Portuguese Explorers: Portuguese Are First to Explore • Prince Henry of Portugal set up a school that was for sailing. • Portugal was the first to explore the African West Coast. • Began trading with Africa for gold and taking enslaved Africans back to Portugal.

10. Famous Portuguese Explorers: Bartholomeu Dias: -sailed around the southern tip of Africa, named it after the Cape of Good Hope Vasco de Gama: -first Portuguese explorer to sail to India and back -round trip took 2 years!!

11. Spice Islands: The Portuguese: • reached India but the spices were really coming from the East Indies Islands. • used force (guns and cannons) to gain control of the East Indies trade. • attempted to expand their trade to China and Japan but neither were willing to trade with the Portuguese b/c of what they had done to the East Indies.

12. Other Explorers: Hernan Cortes and The Aztecs- -Spanish Explorer who led an expedition into Mexico -Mexico was ruled by the Aztec Empire and its leader, Montezuma -Cortes bought guns, horses and diseases to the New World -The army of Cortes captured and killed Montezuma and later destroyed the Aztec Empire.

13. Pizarro and The Inca: • Francisco Pizarro searched South America for a kingdom of gold that he had heard of….. • He discovered the Incan Empire which was located high in the Andes Mountains • Pizarro tricked the leader into giving him $ andriches then accused the Inca of numerous crimes • Atabulpa, the Inca leader, was tried, convicted and executed • Without a ruler the empire began to fall apart and Pizarro seized control

14. Show What You Know: • Explain the new technologies of exploration and tell how they wereused in this time period. • Draw a flow map to show or explain the Rise of New Nations. • Choose at least 3 explorers from class discussions~ draw an illustration of each and explain what you learned about them. • Give a summary of the Portuguese Explorers and the methods they used to gain land and take over empires.