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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Overall Equation for Cellular Respiration. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 0 + ATP. Respiration: An Overview. The process by which cells break down food sources and release their stored energy. Two main types Anaerobic – no oxygen required

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration

  2. Overall Equation for Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 +ATP

  3. Respiration: An Overview • The process by which cells break down food sourcesand release their stored energy. • Two main types • Anaerobic – no oxygen required • Aerobic – requiring oxygen • Both forms produce ATP http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~courses/genchem/LabTutorials/Cytochromes/images/flowchart1.jpg

  4. Where Does Cellular Respiration Take Place? • It actually takes place in two parts of the cell: Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm Krebs Cycle & ETC Takeplace in the Mitochondria

  5. Review of Mitochondria Structure • Smooth outer Membrane • Folded inner membrane • Folds called Cristae • Space inside cristae called the Matrix

  6. The Mitochondria • If O2 is present following glycolysis, pyruvate is modified and enters the mitochondria. • Here food is broken down completely into CO2. • Energy storage molecules like NADH and ATP are produced. This is why the mitochondria is called the power house of the cell.

  7. Energy from electrons ATP ATP ATP O2 The Role of Oxygen • Final electron acceptor H2O

  8. What Carries the Electrons? • NAD+NADH • FAD+FADH2

  9. What are the Stages of Cellular Respiration? • Glycolysis • Without oxygen • Fermentation • With oxygen • The Krebs Cycle • The Electron Transport Chain

  10. Glycolysis Summary Takes place in the Cytoplasm Anaerobic (Doesn’t Use Oxygen) Requires input of 2 ATP Glucose split into two molecules of Pyruvate or Pyruvic Acid

  11. Glycolysis Summary • Also produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP • Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA and CO2 is removed

  12. Anaerobic Processes • No oxygen is required for these processes. • Includes glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose, and fermentation. • Some bacteria and yeast are examples of anaerobes. http://www.biol.vt.edu/research/images/C._perfringens_in_mac._jpg.jpg http://www.utoronto.ca/greenblattlab/images/a/yeast%201.jpg

  13. Fermentation • Occurs when O2 NOT present (anaerobic) • Called Lactic Acid fermentation in muscle cells (makes muscles tired) • Called Alcoholic fermentation in yeast (produces ethanol) • Nets only 2 ATP

  14. A Little Krebs Cycle History • Discovered by Hans Krebs in 1937 • He received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1953 for his discovery • Forced to leave Germany prior to WWII because he was Jewish

  15. Krebs Cycle Summary • Requires Oxygen (Aerobic) • Cyclical series of oxidation reactions that give off CO2 and produce one ATP per cycle • Turns twice per glucose molecule • Produces two ATP • Takes place in matrix of mitochondria

  16. Electron Transport Chain Summary • 34 ATP Produced • H2O Produced • Occurs Across Inner Mitochondrial membrane

  17. Summary of Cellular Respiration

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