Safety & Management Solutions Ltd NEBOSH General Certificate In Occupational Health and Safety .

1. Safety & Management Solutions Ltd NEBOSH General Certificate In Occupational Health and Safety . Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

2. NGC2 Chemical and Biological Health Hazards Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

3. Syllabus • Classes of hazardous substances • Assessment of risk for hazardous substances • Workplace exposure limits • Control measures for hazardous substances • Safe handling and disposing of hazardous substances Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

4. Forms of Hazardous Substances • liquids • solids • dusts and powders • vapours • fumes • gases Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

5. Biological Agents • Fungi • Bacteria • Moulds • Viruses Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

6. Law and regulations • Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 – the basis of British health and safety law • Management of Health and Safety at WorkRegulations 1999 – employers to carry outa risk assessment • Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (as amended) – employers to assess the risks from hazardous substances and take appropriate precautions

7. Employers Responsibility • assess the risks • decide what precautions are needed • prevent or adequately control exposure • ensure that control measures are used and maintained • monitor the exposure • carry out appropriate health surveillance where necessary • prepare plans and procedures to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies • ensure employees are properly informed, trained and supervised Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

8. Employees Responsibility's • Use the health and safety precautions andfollow the correct procedures • Co-operate with monitoring and health surveillance Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

9. Classes of Chemicals Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

10. Classes Of chemical • Irritant- Repeated contact with skin can cause sensitised or allergic reaction • Harmful- Involves limited health risk • Toxic- Produces serious health risk • Corrosive- May destroy living tissue • Infectious- Contains micro- organisms known to cause disease • Carcinogenic- May induce cancer • Mutagenic- May induce hereditary generic defects Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

11. Health Effects • Acute (short-term) • Chronic (long-term) • Intermediate Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

12. Routes of entry • Inhalation – dusts, mists, fumes, vapours, gases, fungi, viruses, bacteria • Absorption – skin or mucous membranes, vapours • Injection – Forcing though skin • Ingestion – via mouth

13. COSHH Assessments • Identify all hazardous substances • Gather information • Evaluate risk • Decide on the control measures • Record your findings and review Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

14. Safety Data Sheet • Your employer has a duty to inform you of: • the information about the health risks posed by the hazardous substances you use • the measures you can take to minimise these risks • You have a duty to read this information Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

15. Emergency Procures • must be developed and implemented should there be a loss of control • appropriate to the types of hazardous substances in use • be prepared before an accident, incident or emergency occurs Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

16. 8 Principles of good practice 1. Design and operate processes and activities to minimise emissions, release and spread of Hazardous substances 2. Consider route of exposure 3. Control exposure 4. Select effective and reliable controls

17. 8 Principles of good practice 5. Suitable PPE 6. Check and review 7. Information, instruction, supervision and training 8. Ensure controls do not increase risks Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

18. Hierarchy of Control • Eliminate the risks • Reduce (Substitution of hazardous substance) • Isolation, using enclosures, barriers or worker segregation • Engineering controls such as ventilation, guarding, wels etc • Management controls such as safe systems of work, training, working time limits • Personal protective equipment Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

19. Controls for Exposure to Hazardous Substances • Elimination of the substance • Substitution of the substance • Total or partial enclosure of process • Local exhaust ventilation • Reduction of the number of employees exposed • Reduced time exposure by task rotation • Good housekeeping • Training, information and supervision • Personal protective equipment • Welfare, medical records and health surveillance Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

20. Engineering Controls • Segregating of people from the process Fume cupboard Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

21. Engineering Controls • Local exhaust ventilation comprising; • A collection hood and intake • Ventilation ducting • A fan • An exhaust duct Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

22. Supervisory or People Controls • Reduced time exposure • Reduced number of workers exposed • Eating, drinking and smoking must be prohibited in areas where hazardous substance are used • Rules must be monitored and supervised Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

23. Workplace Exposure Limits (wels) • Wels must not be exceeded • Two categories Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

24. Personnel Protective Equipment • PPE should be suitable for wearer and task • PPE to be compatible to other PPE • Implantation of a suitable PPE programme • Information, instruction, supervision and training for all users of PPE • Defect system to be introduced Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

25. Health Surveillance • Checking individuals on a regular basis • For higher risk substances checks should take place at least once a year and records kept for up to 40 years Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

26. Specific Agents Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

27. What is asbestos? • Asbestos (from the Greek meaning "unquenchable" or "inextinguishable“ ) • Set of six naturally occurring silicate materials exploited commercially for their desirable physical properties. • Chrysotile – white • Fibrous Grunerite (Amosite) – brown • Crocidolite - blue • Anthophyllite • Actinolite • Tremolite

28. Types of asbestos

29. Why is asbestos dangerous? • Breathing in of fibres can lead to diseases, mainly cancers of the lungs and chest lining. • Only a risk if released into the air • Estimated asbestos kills 4000 persons per year which is expected to rise until 2016/2020. • No known cure • Can lay dormant for years 12 to 60 years • Increased risk to smokers

30. Illnesses attributed to asbestos • ASBESTOSIS • PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA • STOMACH AND THROAT CANCER • PLEURAL PLAQUES

31. Asbestos cement

32. Asbestos insulating board

33. Asbestos textiles

34. Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2006 Regulation 4 – Duty to manage • Who is a duty holder? • A person who has responsibility to maintain or manage or • A person who has control of premises or t he access/egress of • A non domestic premises & in common areas in domestic premises. • Duty holder to complete suitable and sufficient assessment • Prepare written plan • Prepare a written record (Register) of ACM present or suspected • Every person to co-operate with duty holder

35. Asbestos surveys Management Survey Refurbishment/Demolition Survey necessary when building is to be refurbished or demolished. required for all work where fabric of the building may take place and where the management survey has not been intrusive. • standard survey undertaken during the normal occupation and use of a building. • Completed to ensure continued management • Purpose to locate, and establish extent of ACMs which could be damaged or disturbed

36. Cement Dust and Wet Cement • Causes burns ulcers and dermatitis Specific controls • PPE in the form of gloves, overalls with long sleeves, full length trousers and waterproofs should be worn. Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

37. Wood Dust • Can be hazardous, particularly form hard woods and composite boards (MDF) • Can cause irritation to the eyes, nose and throat, leading to dermatitis, asthma and cancer Specific controls • Ventilation, respiratory and eye protection Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

38. Silica Dust • Produced by masonry dust • Can cause fibrosis and silicosis Specific controls • Dust extraction and respiratory protection Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

39. Carbon Monoxide • An odourless gas that can cause headaches and unconsciousness Specific controls • Maintenance of gas appliance • Detection and ventilation Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

40. Specific Agents (biological) Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

41. Legionella • Bactria in tepid water that can cause pneumonia and death • A written suitable and sufficient risk assessment should be carried out • The preparation and implantation of a written control scheme involving the treatment, cleaning maintenance of the system Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

42. Legionella • Appointment of a named person with responsibility for the management of the system • The monitoring of the system by a competent person • Record keeping and the review of procedures developed within control scheme Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

43. Leprosaria • Bacteria in rat urine that can cause anemia and jaundice. Specific controls • Impervious PPE and covering of any wounds Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

44. Hepatitis and Blood-bourne Virus • Can cause nausea, jaundice and death Controls • Prevent puncture wounds, cuts and abrasions in the presents of blood and bodily fluid • Cover all breaks in exposed skin using waterproof clothing • Use good basic hygiene practises • Safe disposal of sharp materils (needles) Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

45. Managing Hazardous Waste • The hazardous waste regulations- special waste regulations (Scotland) • The environmental protection act Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

46. Requirements for waste Skips • Sufficient strength to cope with load • Stability while being filled • Sufficient space around skip to work safely at all times • Skip to be resting at all times • Skip should never be overload/ filled Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012

47. Hazardous waste controls • Reduce waste as far as is reasonably practicable • Substance should be disposed of together with compatible waste such as flammable waste • Manual handling should be considered • PPE to be worn Safety & Management Solutions Ltd April 2012