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Themes in Antebellum America

Themes in Antebellum America. 1815-1860. Manifest Destiny. U.S. gains Texas, Also gains S.W. territories through the Mexican War (1848). Looks to Cuba (Ostend Manifesto-$120 mil. or invasion--fails) Trails West: Oregon Trail, Mormon Trail etc.

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Themes in Antebellum America

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  1. Themes in Antebellum America 1815-1860

  2. Manifest Destiny • U.S. gains Texas, Also gains S.W. territories through the Mexican War (1848). Looks to Cuba (Ostend Manifesto-$120 mil. or invasion--fails) • Trails West: Oregon Trail, Mormon Trail etc. • Sets borders through treaties & purchases (Maine, Oregon, Gadsen Purchase)

  3. 3 Legislators are more important than the Presidents after Jackson • Henry Clay–KY.- runs for president 3 times but isn’t elected—The Great Compromiser • John C. Calhoun—SC.-V.P. under Jackson – The Great Nullifier • Daniel Webster –MA- The Great Orator Clay Calhoun Webster

  4. Technological Advances • Canals, turnpikes, railroads, steamboats, clipper ships, Pony Express • Telegraph (Samuel F.B. Morse), transatlantic cable (Cyrus Field) • John Deere, Cyrus McCormick, Whitney’s interchangeable parts, Howe’s sewing machine • Samuel Slater & the Market Revolution

  5. An Era of Reform • Needed for reform: peace, a cause, leadership • Religious Revival: 2nd Great Awakening, Mormonism etc. • Utopian Societies: Robert Owen, Brook Farm, Oneida Community Shakers • Educational reform: Horace Mann, Noah Webster, McGuffey Readers (eclectic readers), state universities, Women’s colleges (Mary Lyon), Oberlin (1st co-ed university), lyceum & chautauqua movement. • Women’s issues: mentally ill (Dix), temperance, suffrage (Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott), peace movement • Transcendentalism: Thoreau, Emerson, Louisa Mae Alcott

  6. Abolitionism • White Abolitionists: William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Beecher Stowe & family, Elijah Lovejoy, John Brown • Black Abolitionists: Frederick Douglas, Soujourner Truth, Harriet Tubman • Free Soil Party • Gag Rule

  7. Immigration • German & Irish • Know-Nothing Party (American Party) - nativism

  8. Growing Sectionalism • Lifestyles (South backward-looking, North forward-looking) • Open v Closed Societies • Tariffs (South felt it was an economic colony of the North) • Gentlemen farmers v Industrialists • Nationalism v States’ Rights • Can one section of the country divorce another?

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