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Nomenclature

Nomenclature. (a.k.a. “Naming Chemical Compounds”). Part I: Naming Ionic Compounds. Steps to Naming an Ionic compound. The name of the cation (metal) goes first Drop the suffix (last syllable) of the anion (nonmetal), and add –ide KBr = Potassium brom ide CaO = Calcium ox ide.

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Nomenclature

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  1. Nomenclature (a.k.a. “Naming Chemical Compounds”)

  2. Part I: Naming Ionic Compounds

  3. Steps to Naming an Ionic compound • The name of the cation (metal) goes first • Drop the suffix (last syllable) of the anion (nonmetal), and add –ide KBr = Potassium bromide CaO = Calcium oxide

  4. Examples of Suffix Changes • hydrogen = hydride • carbon = carbide • nitrogen = nitride • oxygen = oxide • sulfur = sulfide • all halogens:-ine  -ide

  5. Examples: • CaCl2 • Li2O • Pt3N  How will the reader know the charge of platinum?

  6. Steps to Naming an Ionic compound • Transition Metals . . . • Write a Roman numeral (ex. I, II, III, IV) with the number of the charge after the name of the metal (remember: transition metals can have more than 1) FeF2 = Iron(II) floride FeF3 = Iron(III) floride HgBr2 = Mercury(II) bromide

  7. *Note: you can tell the charge of a transition metal by looking at its bonding partner AgCl AgCl2 Ag2O

  8. Part II: Naming Compoundswith Polyatomic Ions ( a.k.a. “ternary” compounds = 3 elements or more)

  9. 10 Polyatomic Ions to know Matching quiz next class! CO3-2 carbonate C2H3O2- acetate MnO4- permanganate CrO4-2 chromate NH4+ ammonium NO3- nitrate SO4-2 sulfate OH- hydroxide PO4-3 phosphate Add this one: SCN- thiocyanate

  10. Steps to Name Compounds with Polyatomic Ions • If the polyatomic ion is 1st (left) • write polyatomic ion name first • end name of second element to with –ide NH4F = Ammonium fluoride

  11. Steps to Name Compounds with Polyatomic Ions • If the polyatomic ion is 2nd (right) • write metal name first • write polyatomic ion name second BaSO4 = barium sulfate Ca(NO2)2 = calcium nitrite Fe(NO3)2 = iron(II) nitrate

  12. Part III: Naming Covalent Compounds To be completed at a later date…

  13. Steps to NameCovalent Compounds • Name of the element that is more LEFT on the periodic table goes on the LEFT • The name of the other element goes on the RIGHT and has -ide at the end • Greek prefixes tell how many of each atom are present (Hint: mono is only used for oxygen)

  14. 1= mono- 2 = di- 3 = tri- 4 = tetra- 5 = penta- 6 = hexa- 7 = hepta- 8 = octa- 9 = nona- 10 = deca- Greek Prefixes: *only for oxygen • Greek prefixes are used BEFORE the element name CO2 = carbon dioxide P3S4 = triphosphorus tetrasulfide

  15. Examples: NO = CCl4 = N2S5 = H2 =

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