St Margaret’s Academy

1. St Margaret’s Academy Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms CDT Department

2. Hexagons • Hexagons are 6 sided shapes. • Hexagons can be dimensioned in 2 different ways. • 1. Across the faces. • 2. Across the corners.

3. Hexagons- Across the Faces The dimension of the hexagon is taken from one face to the opposite face.

4. Hexagons- Across the Corners The dimension of the hexagon is taken from one corner to the opposite corner.

5. Hexagons - How to draw them Draw circle at the required size. If the hexagon is to be 50mm across the corners or (AC) the draw a circle Ø50. If the hexagon is to be 50mm across the faces or (AF) the draw a circle Ø50.

6. Hexagons - How to draw them For hexagons across the flats use your 30°/60° set square to draw the lines to make up the hexagon. The hexagon should be drawn outside the circle.

7. Hexagons - How to draw them For hexagons across the corners use your 30°/60° set square to draw the lines to make up the hexagon. The hexagon should be drawn inside the circle.

8. Hexagonal Prisms • Hexagonal prisms are similar to cylinders but instead of having a circular cross section they are hexagonal.

9. Hexagonal Prisms - the Elevation Now we will draw the Elevation of the hexagonal prism. Height Height We see each of the faces as rectangles with the widest being the centre. Elevation

10. Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Now we will draw the Plan of the hexagonal prism. Project the lines up from the Elevation. Elevation

11. Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Then use your 30/60 set square to complete. Plan Elevation

12. Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Draw a 45° from the top right hand corner of the Elevation. This 45° line is called a bounce line. Plan Elevation

13. Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Project the depth of the block across to the bounce line then where they intersect project down. Plan Elevation

14. Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Now project the heights across from the Elevation to complete. Plan Elevation End Elevation

15. Hexagonal Prisms - the Completed Orthographic Plan Elevation End Elevation

16. Hexagonal Prisms - With Cuts • Sometimes the top or the bottom (or both of these) are chopped off the prism. This could be if the prism was for a label or storage for something. • So how do we draw this? • The next few slides will show us.

17. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Elevation Either the Elevation or End Elevation will normally be given drawn for you. Therefore, you will have to be able to identify them. Spot the cuts Elevation

18. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Project the lines up from the Elevation as shown. Elevation

19. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Use your 30/60 set square to complete the normal hexagonal shape. Even though the top and bottom of the prism have been cut, the outline from the plan view remains the same. Plan Elevation

20. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Now project up the lines from where the cuts are made. Plan Elevation

21. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan Now darken in these lines on the plan. You won’t be able to see the cut on the bottom of the prism so it will be drawn as a hidden detail line. Plan Elevation

22. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Now that the plan is complete we have to draw the End Elevation. Before we can draw our 45° bounce line we have to find out where the top right hand corner of the Elevation is. Plan To do this extend the top across and the side up. Draw your 45° bounce line from where they cross. Elevation

23. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Project the depth of the block across to the bounce line then where they intersect project down. Plan Elevation

24. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation Now project the heights across from the Elevation to complete. Plan Elevation End Elevation

25. Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation This shape looks awkward but remember, there are 6 corners and faces of the shape so the cuts can only go to the corners. Plan Elevation End Elevation

26. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development • A development is a flat template of a 3D shape that when folded up in the correct way makes the actual shape of the 3D object. • Developments are particularly useful when modelling new design ideas or to prepare for folding shapes in sheet metal.

27. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development Here the development of the sides will be drawn. This does not include the top and bottom of the prism. Project the height of the prism across the page. Plan Elevation

28. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development Now, using a compass, step out the lengths of each side onto these lines. Draw vertical lines at each of these points. Plan Elevation

29. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 To make things easier we number each of the corners of the hexagon. 5 2 Do this as shown on the Plan, Elevation and development. 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan A development always starts and ends with the same numbered corner. When it folds up these should meet. Here one number is above the other. This is because corner number 3 is in front of corner 1. 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

30. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

31. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

32. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

33. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

34. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

35. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Project the cuts across onto the development marking the appropriate corners as you go. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

36. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Now join your dots up to complete the development. 5 2 As the hexagonal prism has no curves, use a straight edge to join the dots. 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

37. Hexagonal Prisms - the Development 6 1 Here is a clearer view of the complete development. 5 2 4 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Plan 5 4 2 3 Elevation 6 1

38. Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms • Hexagons are 6 sided shapes. • Hexagons can be dimensioned A/F or A/C. • The corners should be numbered when drawing hexagonal prisms to make it easier to tell where cuts go. • A development will fold up to make a 3D model of the object.