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HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF LAND ADMINISTRATION (HKILA) - www hkila. hk

A PRESENTATION OF INPUTS OF HKILA ON“HK2030 PLANNING VISION AND STRATEGYSTAGE 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION”. HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF LAND ADMINISTRATION (HKILA) - www hkila. hk. INDEX OF INPUTS. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED FUTURE ROADMAP –

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HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF LAND ADMINISTRATION (HKILA) - www hkila. hk

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  1. A PRESENTATION OF INPUTS OF HKILA ON“HK2030 PLANNING VISION AND STRATEGYSTAGE 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION” HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF LAND ADMINISTRATION (HKILA) - www hkila. hk

  2. INDEX OF INPUTS • A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT • PROPOSED FUTURE ROADMAP– DIRECTION I: PROVIDING A QUALITY LIVING ENVIRONMENT-Sustainable Use of Land Resource • SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS

  3. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -page 4 –Consultation Booklet (CB) • “---ASIA’S WORLD CITY----” • ---developWORLD-CLASS “hard” infrastructure and “soft” infrastructure--- • ---to provide a HIGH QUALITY of life--- • We need a SPATIAL PLANNING FRAMEWORK to support and help achieve these strategic objectives and policies.------------------------- • adopted SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT as an OVERARCHING GOAL."

  4. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -HKILA’ Inputs • We agreed to most of the“Vision” statements. • Except that we need more than a Spatial Planning Framework (SPF) • A pressing need formodern Land Administration System (LAS): • to support and help achieve these strategic objectives and policies. • to manage the competing economic, environmental and social priorities that constituteSustainable Development .

  5. A Global Land Administration Perspective (based on Enemark & Sevantal 1999)

  6. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT-HKILA’ Inputs “Integrated planning and management of land resourcesis the subjectofchapter 10 of Agenda 21-----.This broad integrative view of land resources,------,is the basis of Agenda 21 and the Commission on Sustainable Development consideration of landissues.------“ UN-Commission on Sustainable Development-CSD 2000 – http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/land/land.htm

  7. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -HKILA’ Inputs • UN-FIG Bogor-Declaration (1996): visions for moderncadastral infrastructures: • to support long term sustainable development and land management; (2) to fully service the escalating needs of greatly increased urban populations. (International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)-- http://www.fig7.org.uk/) • UN-FIG Bathurst Declaration (1999): • dynamic humankind/land-relationship, • sustainable development needs sound land administration. (U N FIG (1999) Bathurst Declaration on Land Administration for Sustainable Development and Proceedings of UN-FIG International Conference, Melbourne, 24-27 October 1999. )

  8. A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT-HKILA’ Inputs Confirmed by • six UN agencies-Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)etc., • the World Bank, and • the UN Director for Sustainable Development. (ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: -FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.”  Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson, Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )

  9. PROPOSED FUTURE ROADMAP –DIRECTION I: PROVIDING A QUALITY LIVING ENVIRONMENT- Sustainable Use of LandResource - 11 -Consultation_Booklet • Rural Planning and Land Management “Some people have suggested that the Government could take moreproactive measures to address these complex issues. A holistic approach involving policy review, new implementation mechanism and land management practices with adequate funding support would be a possible option. This alternative for a holistic land management system, however, requires significant resources and extensive private participation.”

  10. HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive Measures”& “A Possible Option” • CB did not recognise • the importance of land as a basic cross-cutting issue -cross-sector aspects of the modern LAS which would cater for all land-related issues. • Sustainable Development needs sound Land Administration. • CB put the comments on“holistic land management system” under ‘Rural Planning and Land Management’

  11. Placing LA System in context COUNTRY Geography Economy History Law Government Land Law Development Policy Land Tenure Arrangements Market-Place Considerations Land Policy Land Administration Arrangements Public Lands LM Private Lands LM Land Valuation and Assessment Land Use Control and Management Land Settlement Land Survey Land Registration Infrastructure Utilities Source: Land Administration (Peter Dale and John McLaughlin)

  12. HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive Measures”& “A Possible Option” • “ Sustainable development demands complex decision-making.  Complex decision-making requires ready access to current, relevant and accurate information.  • Of particular significance is information froma spatial perspective that links intoGIS, SDI and Decision support systems (DSS).” (ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: -FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.”   Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson, Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )

  13. HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive Measures”& “A Possible Option” Modern land administration studies and experiences have led tothe conclusion that • adequate LAS is crucial to Sustainable Development, • sound Land Information System (LIS) is crucial to adequate LAS and • integrated Spatial/Geo-referenced Data Information System (S/GDIS) is crucial to sound LIS

  14. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” • Growing awarenessof the LAS and the SDI by countries and cities in Asia region, • Hong Kong is losing its competitive edge in the information strategy and public administration for ignoring this important aspect of SDI development

  15. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” • One of the top priorities of digital earth development strategy in China is to build China's National Spatial Data Infrastructure (CNSDI). (The Digital Earth (DE) strategy has been vigorously developed in recent years especially in Pearl River and Yangtse River Delta cities.) http://www.upo.com.cn/eupo/index_02.asp?classid=3&Nclassid=8&articleid=84 URBAN PLANNING ONLINE, Guangzhou Urban Planning Automatic Center   • EvenMacauhas taken the initiative to establish SDI under the Cartography and Cadastre Bureau (DSCC)-http://www.gis.gov.mo/dscc/engl/newfirst.htm

  16. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” • HKSAR Government havea tradition of separate governmental institutions involved in the L A implementation work. • Tedious and separate inquiries have to be made about relevant spatial /cadastral information before any decision can be made and appropriate action can take place.

  17. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” -The Current LAS in HKSAR

  18. Spatial data information system in HKSARG • Land Registry (LR) • An Integrated Registration Information System (IRIS) to replace the existing fragmented core business systems. • Survey and Mapping Office (SMO) • The digital map features are separately coded thereby enabling selective retrieval and display.The L I Centrefor maintaining a set of topographical mapping information in digital form,

  19. Spatial data information system in HKSARG • Town Planning Board Spatial Data Information System • The e- Statutory Plans- All Statutory Plans (The Outline Zoning Plans and Development Permission Area plans), uploaded onto the Internet.http://www.ozp.tpb.gov.hk/eng/disclaimeraccept.htm • The e-Planninginfo Archives - New online planning information servicehttp://www.ozp.tpb.gov.hk/epa/eng/DisclaimerAccept.htm • Planning Department (PD) -Setting up of A spatial planning information system

  20. Spatial data information system in HKSARG • Sustainable Development Council-THE CASET SYSTEM- The Computer Aided Sustainability Evaluation Tool System is accompanied by a powerfulGeographical Information System (GIS)/database containing the datasets relevant to the sustainability indicators. • The Census and Statistics Department--Census Pro 2001 GIS CD-ROM Packageis a powerful knowledge-based product includes the superb Geographical Information System (GIS) functions and features. http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/eng/public/pub_list/CDROM/hkcp2001.htm

  21. Spatial data information system -GIS in other Government departments orsubventedinstitutions • Environmental Protection Department • Buildings Department • Building Services engineering • Highway Department • Water Supply Department • Urban Renewal Authority • Civil Engineering Department • FISHERIES IMPACT ASSESSMENT -the KCRC Spur Line • Registration & Electoral Office- January 2003

  22. Spatial data information system in HKSARG Two initiatives within Government to integrate the spatial data assets: • A consultancy study to examine the sharing and exchange among concerned Government departments ofgeographical data collated for land, planning, development and other purposes. This study will involve a total of 13departments, • A joint study for developing the technical infrastructurefor exchanging underground utilities information electronically and automatically. (Highways Department, in conjunction with Drainage Services Department, Water Supplies Department, and five major utility undertakers),

  23. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” • These diverse information arrangements are normally well established politically and historically hence it is costly to rectify them. • But it will be cost even more not to alter them as they : • failed to meet the great public demands for rapid access to relevant and correct information :

  24. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” (b)have caused confusion resulting in wrong decisionsand undesirable outcomes in some of the recent socio- economic policies for lack of transparency & accessibility. (c) have resulted in duplication of efforts, unnecessary additional costs, inaccuracies/inconsistencies in thedata.

  25. WHY SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES? INFRASTRUCTURE INTEGRATION OF DATA SHARING DATA BETTER INFORMATION MAKING BETTER ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS

  26. BASIC DATA LAYERS OF AN SDI CLIMATE RESTRICTIVE SITES LAND CONDITION LAND USE FAUNA LAND COVER/VEGETATION SOILS HYDROGEOLOGY GEOLOGY / MINING FEATURE / LOCALITY NAMES MAJOR UTILITY SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES SATELLITE IMAGERY TRANSPORTATION DRAINAGE / SHORELINES DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL CADASTRE SURVEY CONTROL NETWORK

  27. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system • Unificationof Spatial Data systemsto form theLIS is more urgentthan statutory and regulatory reforms or the introduction of new systems and technologies. • A modern Cadastre and an unified L I Sshould be established. • LR to push ahead Land Title Registration. • SMO to complete the Cadastral Survey.

  28. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system • The present Land Information Centre (LIC) in the SMO of the Lands Department should be expanded to become an independent organization under a Land Administration Authority (L A A). • The present cadastral and spatial data processes in SMO, LR and LAO should be unified and administered within the LIC

  29. Unification/Centralization of the HKSAR Spatial Data Systems within the LAS

  30. HKILA’ Inputs on“alternative for a holistic land management system” • Pulling togetherdigital spatialinformationfrom various GOVERNMENT and PRIVATE agencies. • The LICwill beanONE-STOP RESOURCE CENTREfor complete, comprehensive and accurate digitised spatial/cadastral data.

  31. HKILA’ Inputs on “significant resources” [UN-ECE Guidelines on Land Administration, 1996] The central issue is not whether countries can afford such a system, but whether they can Afford To Live Without One.

  32. HKILA’ Inputs on “significant resources ” [UN-ECE Guidelines on Land Administration, 1996]: Although land records are expensive to compile and to keep up to date, a good land administration system can produce benefits that significantly outweight the costs.

  33. HKILA’ Inputs on “significant resources ” • Both LR and SMO have already demonstrated their abilities in cost recovery for their IT Strategy development projects. • LR is operating cost-effectively as a Trading Fund entity • SMO is pushing for privatisation

  34. HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private participation” • Efforttowards achieving Sustainable Developmentalways requireextensive Public and private partnership • The land and property-related institutions (Public or Private)must cooperate both among themselves and with the usersin order to produce a centralized LIS and related individual databases that will suit the needs of each organization.

  35. HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private participation” • The resources of the private sectorcan be used both in the introduction and in the updating and maintenance of An LIS. • There should bea clear definition of those parts of the total land administrationthat must be undertaken by governmental offices, and those activities that should be left to the private sector.

  36. HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private participation” The institutions need • to refocus Land Administration education, training and organisations to reflect market requirements for modern holistic approach rather than traditional divisional specialisations. • to encourage Public and private partnership in the modern human resource development

  37. SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS (SDP) • CONSOLIDATION PATTERN • DECENTRALISATION PATTERN • IMPLICATIONS OF DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS • EVALUATION OF THE OPTIONS

  38. HKILA’ Inputs on SDP • It is very important for SDPto have a formal relationship with the LAS because of the impact that development proposals will haveon the land and the associated land rights. • SDP wouldresult in new subdivisions of the land and new patterns of land use. IV. LAND-USE PLANNING- Land Administration Guidelines , 9 August 2000, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)

  39. HKILA’ Inputs on SDP • Failure to identify existing patterns and rights of ownership frequently leads to delays or even failure in development programmes, especially in urban areas. • “The key issue is : “ No compensation is payable to property owners who may be affected by the government's regulation on land use through zoning except in the case of resumption under the Lands Resumption Ordinance.”http://www.info.gov.hk/bspu/ehtml/paper_economic_content17.htm The Business and Services Promotion Unit, Hong Kong Economic Policy Studies Series -Major policy recommendations and the Administration's views -Town Planning in Hong Kong: a Critical View-Author- Lawrence Wai-chung LAI

  40. HKILA’ Inputs on SDP • SDP is primarily concerned with future land use-the interaction between land rights and land management. • includes the enjoyment ofthe land and the rights that are associated with it. • Should rely on some form of land administration infrastructure which permits the complex range of Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities in land to be identified, mapped and managed as a basis for policy formulation and implementation.

  41. HKILA’ Inputs on SDP “Decision support systems (DSS)link into that infrastructure to help manage and analyse information for the process of decision-making. Relevant DSS and SDI areimperative driving forces in the development ofanew generation of land administration systems that are appropriate for the changing humankind-land relationship.” ( ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: - FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.”   Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson, Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )

  42. HKILA’ Inputs on SDP • Concern about SDP ‘s Equity, Transparency and Accessibility • Implications and evaluation of the Consolidation Pattern Decentralisation Pattern may be incomplete, inaccurate and misleading without the support of the Land Administration System. • Land administration hasa critical role in helping to address the tension between environment and development

  43. 香港土地行政學會Hong Kong Institute of Land Administration THANK YOU

  44. Attachment 1 –SUGGESTED REFERENCES ON LAND ADMINISTRATION • Dale P.D. and McLaughlin, J.D., Land Information Management, Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1988 (especially chapters 1 and 2). (RESERVE) • Dale P.D. and McLaughlin, J.D. Land Administration, Oxford University Press, 1999 (Chapter 2) (RESERVE) • Papers by Prof Ian WIlliamson and other researchers:http://www.sli.unimelb.edu.au/research/publications/IPW_publ.html

  45. Attachment 1 -SUGGESTED REFERENCES ON LAND ADMINISTRATION • UNECE, Land Administration Guidelines, WPLA-Meeting of Land Administrators- http://www.unece.org/env/hs/wpla/welcome.html • IAMSD-Land ManagementIssues --Inter-Agency Meeting on Sustainable Developmenthttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/land.htm • International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)-Commission 7 for Cadastre & Land Management- http://www.fig7.org.uk/ • U N FIG (1999) Bathurst Declaration on Land Administration for Sustainable Development and Proceedings of UN-FIG International Conference, Melbourne, 24-27 October 1999.http://www.geom/unimelb.edu.au/UNConf99/

  46. Attachment 1-Suggested References for Cadastres • FIG Statement on the Cadastre: http://www.sli.unimelb.edu.au/fig7/cadastre/statement_on_cadastre.html. • Henssen, J.L.G. and Williamson I.P. Land Registration, Cadastre and its interaction: A world perspective. Proceedings of FIG XIX International Congress, Vol7, Helsinki, Finland: 14-43 (1990). • Larsson, G., Land Registration and Cadastral Systems, Longman Scientific and Technical: London, 1991. (RESERVE)

  47. Attachment 1-Reference Links (GIS) • Geo.com-http://spatialnews.geocomm.com/education/tutorials/ • USGS-http://www.usgs.gov/research/gis/title.html • ESRI-http://www.esri.com/company/index.html • ESRI(CHINA)-http://www.esrichina-hk.com/ • Geocarto International centre http://www.geocarto.com/hkchinaad.html • GIS Dictionary -http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/agidict/welcome.html • Dictionary http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/EART/abbrev.html

  48. Attachment 1 -Reference Links (SDI/LIS) • Rajabifard, A. and Williamson, I.P., 2001. Spatial Data Infrastructures: Concept, SDI Hierarchy and Future directions, Proceedings of GEOMATICS'80 Conference, Tehran, Iran.http://www.geom.unimelb.edu.au/research/publications/IPW/4_01Raj_Iran.pdf • http://www.anzlic.org.au/http://www.auslic.gov.au/http://www.permcom.apgis.gov.au/http://www.eurogi.org/http://www.gsdi.org/

  49. Attachment 1 -Other Reference Links • United Nations Environmental Programme: http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/publications/insight/jun-98/2.asp • World Bank Group: Land Policy and Administration http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/essdext.nsf/24ByDocName/LandPolicyandAdministration • International Institute for SUS DEVhttp://www.iisd.ca/ • FAO-SUS DEV Departmenthttp://www.fao.org/sd/index_en.htm • FAO-Land Reform-http://www.fao.org/sd/LTdirect/landrf.htm • Sustainable Development HKSARhttp://www.susdev.gov.hk/text/en/index.htm

  50. Attachment 2-Power Point Land Administration Reference • Modernisation of the Land Administration (L A) IN Hong Kong Special Administration Region (HKSAR) • Attachments (1-13)

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