T-1360 Heavy vehicle DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT

1. This work has been produced by DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd This Learner’s Tool is about the skills and knowledge required to operate under Standard Hours at DGL (Aust) facilities. T-1360Heavy vehicle DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT

2. Before you get started • It is important that you complete all sections in this learning tool, as it has been designed so that : You can abide by the procedures of our organization. You can apply what you have learnt in this package in your day to day activities. • This Learning Tool is designed to be relevant only to DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd employees and only applied whilst employed with DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd. • You may have already acquired knowledge in the area identified in this package as you may have completed some specialized training. Or you may have been working within the industry for some time. Should you identify any improvement opportunities in the information contained in this package or have difficulties completing the package please contact : Head of OH&S and Compliance DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd PO Box 1594 Eagle Farm Qld 4009 Ph: 07 3868 1001

3. Introduction Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue Heavy Vehicle National Law (HVNL) Driver fatigue or drowsy driving is a safety hazard for the road transport industry. The main causes of fatigue are not enough sleep, driving at night and working or being awake for a long time. National heavy vehicle driver fatigue laws apply to fatigue-regulated heavy vehicles. A fatigue-regulated heavy vehicle is: • a vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) of over 12t • a combination when the total of the GVM is over 12t • buses with a GVM over 4.5t fitted to carry more than 12 adults (including the driver) • a truck, or a combination including a truck, with a GVM of over 12t with a machine or implement attached. • Some heavy vehicles are not classed as fatigue-regulated heavy vehicles. These include trams, motor vehicles modified to primarily operate as a machine or implement (plant such as agricultural machinery, bulldozers, tractors, etc.) and motor homes specifically modified for residential purposes (not just built with a sleeper berth). The laws cover all aspects of work and rest relating to heavy vehicles including: • work and rest hours • recording work and rest times • fatigue management exemptions • Chain of responsibility obligations. • At the heart of the laws for fatigue management is a primary duty - a driver must not drive a fatigue-regulated heavy vehicle on a road while impaired by fatigue.  Drivers may be impaired by fatigue even when complying with work and rest limits.

4. Introduction The Heavy Vehicle National Law (HVNL)sets three work and rest options. • Standard hours Standard hours are the work and rest hours allowed in the HVNL for all drivers who are not operating under NHVAS accreditation or an exemption. They are the maximum amount of work and minimum amount of rest possible that can be performed safely without additional safety countermeasures. • Basic Fatigue Management (BFM)Those operating under NHVAS with Basic Fatigue Management (BFM) accreditation can operate under more flexible work and rest hours, allowing for (among other things) work of up to 14 hours in a 24-hour period. BFM gives operators a greater say in when drivers can work and rest, as long as the risks of driver fatigue are properly managed. • DGL is accredtied under this scheme – However drivers are not authorized to operate under this scheme unless prior approval and inductions occurs. • Advanced Fatigue Management (AFM)Those operating under NHVAS with Advanced Fatigue Management (AFM) accreditation adopt a genuine risk management approach to managing heavy vehicle driver fatigue. Rather than prescribing work and rest hours, AFM offers more flexibility than standard hours or BFM in return for the operator demonstrating greater accountability for managing their drivers’ fatigue risks.

5. What is Fatigue? Symptom’s of fatigue Fatigue can cause a vast range of other physical, mental and emotional symptoms including: • chronic tiredness or sleepiness • headache • dizziness • sore or aching muscles • muscle weakness • slowed reflexes and responses • impaired decision-making and judgement • moodiness, such as irritability • impaired hand-to-eye coordination • appetite loss • reduced immune system function • blurry vision • short-term memory problems • poor concentration • hallucinations • reduced ability to pay attention to the situation at hand • low motivation.

6. What is Fatigue? What are the effects of fatigue and their relationship to work? Because fatigue cannot be "measured", it is difficult to separate the effects of long working hours or lack of sleep to any changes in accident or injury rates. • However, studies report the effects of fatigue as: • reduced decision making ability, • reduced ability to do complex planning, • reduced communication skills, • reduced productivity / performance, • reduced attention and vigilance, • reduced ability to handle stress on the job, • reduced reaction time - both in speed and thought, • loss of memory or the ability to recall details, • failure to respond to changes in surroundings or information provided, • unable to stay awake (e.g., falling asleep while operating machinery or driving a vehicle), • increased tendency for risk-taking, • increased forgetfulness, • increased errors in judgement, • increased accident rates.

7. Fitness For Duty DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd and Management have the legal, moral and social responsibility to ensure that employees do not undertake driving work whilst fatigued; DGL will ensure that the company has systems in place to ensure drivers are in a fit state for work and can perform work duties safely. Heavy Vehicle drivers also share the responsibility and have a legal, moral and social responsibility to ensure that they do not undertake driving work whilst fatigued; Drivers are to use the checklist T-325 to assist in assessing the Fitness to Drive prior to commencing the shift (this is a guide only & other obligations under the law must be considered) Employees have a overall responsibility to ensure they are Fit for Duty. Employees must report if they are not Fit for Duty, task to be re-scheduled to relief/casual driver. Managers and schedulers have a responsibility for ongoing monitoring of all heavy vehicle operators for compliance to DGL Fitness for Duty policy. Note: Unfit includes:- Being affected by prescription medication Having or suffering from a medical condition that impacts ability to complete Being under the influence of alcohol

8. Driver fitness for duty A fatigue self assessment check as “Fit for Duty” is required for every day that has been worked. Drivers are required to undertake this fatigue self assessment daily prior to departing on daily tasks. Compliance & confirmation of completion of this self assessment is done by signing DGL Daily Run sheet F-230

9. Standard Hours The Standard Hours option for solo drivers sets out minimum rest and maximum work hours and includes basic record keeping requirements (see table 1). The Standard Hours option is also available for two-up and bus drivers. Table1: Standard Hours – Solo Drivers *Stationary rest time is the time a driver spends out of a regulated heavy vehicle or in an approved sleeper berth of a stationary regulated heavy vehicle. #Night rest breaks are 7 continuous hours stationary rest time taken between the hours of 10pm on a day and 8am on the next day (using the time zone of the base of the driver) or a 24 continuous hours stationary rest break.

10. Work & Rest Hours DGL does not permit drivers operating under the 2 up driving system Two-Up Driving • Standard Hours (Two-up) The Standard Hours module for two-up has been developed for operators who only use two-up on an ad-hoc or infrequent basis. Short rest breaks and working hours in 24 hours are the same as for solo drivers • Stationary rest time is the time a driver spends out of a regulated heavy vehicle or in an approved sleeper berth of a stationary regulated heavy vehicle. • #Night rest breaks are 7 continuous hours stationary rest time taken between the hours of 10pm on a day and 8am on the next day (using the time zone of the base of the driver) or a 24 continuous hours stationary rest break.

11. Work & Rest Hours What is Work & Rest • Irrespective of which scheme a driver is operating under, the definition of “work” is the same. • Work refers to all driving and any other tasks related to the operation of a heavy vehicle. • Work time is the time a driver spends driving a heavy vehicle (on or off the road) and any other time a driver spends doing tasks related to the operation of the heavy vehicle including: • re-fueling • load restraint • conducting daily vehicle inspection • attending to the load • vehicle cleaning • loading, unloadingof vehicle • queuing • operating a vehicle loading crane • Training, toolbox meetings do not fall under definition of work for the purpose of recording in the work diary but does for scheduling and pay roll purposes.

12. Work & Rest Hours The legislation requires work and rest to be counted in a certain way. • Work time is counted in 15 minute intervals and is recorded according to the time zone of the driver’s base. • Work is always rounded upwards to 15 minutes blocks e.g. a period less than 15 minutes is counted as 15 minutes work; a period between 15 minutes and 30 minutes is counted as 30 minutes etc. Examples Start 05:13hrs - Work diary start time entered 05:00hrs Start 06:34hrs- Work diary start time entered 06:30hrs • Rest is always rounded downwards to the nearest 15 minutes e.g. a period less than 15 minutes does not count towards rest while a period of 15 minutes but less than 30 minutes is counted as 15 minutes rest. Examples Rest start 08:07hrs - Work diary rest start time entered 08:15hrs Rest start 14:40hrs - Work diary rest start time entered 14:45hrs • A 30 minute rest break can be taken as 2 x 15 minute rest breaks etc. • But 7 hour or 24 hour rest breaks must be taken as a continuous period.

13. Work Diary The National driver work diary replaced the driver log book. Drivers must use the work diary if they are working when operating the following: vehicles with a gross vehicle mass (GVM) of over 12t  combinations when the total of the GVM is over 12t  buses over 4.5t with a seating capacity of more than 12 adults (including the driver) a truck or a combination including a truck, with a GVM of over 12t with a machine or implement attached to it Work Diaries Must be completed under Standard Hours working more than 100km from operators base. If operator does not have to complete a Work Diary, it is mandatory that work hours are recorded in the Fatigue Management section of the DGL Drivers Runsheet (F-230) How to fill in a work diary It is important to always use a blue or black ballpoint pen and record all entries legibly. Make sure they apply enough pressure so your entries are transferred and clearly recorded on the duplicate sheets. Operators must complete a daily sheet for the full 24 hours of each day during which you are the driver of a heavy vehicle or bus. Referee to National Driver Work Diary pages 8-34

14. Work Records Work Diary & Runsheets A driver must keep an accurate work record in their possession. Severe penalties apply to drivers who: record information in a work diary that they know, or ought to know, is false or misleading. have more than one written work diary. (other than a completed work diary) record information for the same period in more than one work diary. deface or change a work record they know, or ought to know, is correct. pretend they have made a work record or made an entry in a work record when this is not the case. make an entry in someone else’s work record. (unless otherwise permitted, e.g. a police officer making an annotation or a two-up driver’s counter-signature) destroy a work record before the end of the period for which they are required to be kept. (the law requires records to remain readable and easily understood as evidence) If a driver becomes aware or suspects the vehicle’s odometer is faulty, the driver must report the problem to his or her record keeper (e.g. supervisor) as soon as possible. DGL consider falsification of work records to be willful and reckless and such acts are subject to Instant dismissal

15. What Records DGL Need to Keep Records DGL as an employer must maintain records under National Heavy Vehicle Regulation Obtaining records DGL policy requires all drivers to hand in work diaries daily with Drivers Daily Runsheet attached. (Work diaries must be handed in weekly if unable to hand in daily) Under National Heavy Vehicle law, Legally drivers must hand in work diary sheets no later than 21 days after completion Storage of records All work records, including work diary records, are required to be kept by the record keeper for 7 years after the record is created. Records are to be kept in a place that is accessible to authorized officers and police officers and maintained in a readable and easily understood condition for use as evidence. Normally records should be kept at the driver’s base. However the record keeper may designate another location as the record location. In such cases, the record keeper must inform the driver of this location.

16. Chain of Responsibility (COR)- Fatigue • Under these laws, everyone in the supply chain, not just the driver, will have responsibilities to prevent driver fatigue and ensure drivers are able to comply with the legal work/rest hours. If your actions, inactions or demands cause or contribute to fatigue breaches then you can be held legally accountable. Authorities can investigate along the supply chain and up and down the corporate chain of command. The days of ‘all care and no responsibility’ are over. Those parties in the Supply Chain that come under COR (other than the driver of the vehicle) • The employer of the driver. • The prime contractor of the driver. • The operator of the vehicle. • The scheduler of goods or passengers for transport by the vehicle and also the scheduler of its driver. • Both the consignor and consignee of the goods transported by the vehicle. • The loading manager i.e. the person who supervises loading or unloading or manages premises where regular loading or unloading occurs. • The loader and unloader of the goods carried by the vehicle.

17. Fatigue ManagementScheduling and Rostering Training for staff involved in the Management and Scheduling All Scheduling and Rostering personnel must complete the following fatigue training courses: TLIF2010 Apply fatigue management strategies TLIF3063 Administer the implementation of fatigue management strategies Planning Schedules must be legally achievable Tasks must not be scheduled to the outer limits of the scheme the drivers are operating under Scheduled tasks must be monitored to ensure completed legally. GPS will be used by Manager and Schedulers for management of work tasks during the task on an ongoing bases for ensuring compliance. When planning tasks for the following day schedulers must take into consideration work tasks completed by the operator. Ongoing communication between schedulers and operators must occur to ensure that any planned task are legally achievably.

18. Key points for operating under DGLStandard Hours Drivers must report Fit for Duty to all shifts. Drivers must not knowingly falsify any records in relation to work rest hours. Drivers must notify their managers immediately if their scheduled task is not legally achievable. Drivers must recorded all work rest hours completed on DGL Driver Runsheet and work diary as necessary. Driver must attach their work diary sheets to their Daily Runsheet and hand them in daily. (Work diaries should be handed in weekly if unable to hand in daily due to operations) If a driver becomes aware or suspects the vehicle’s odometer is faulty, the driver must report the problem to his or her record keeper (e.g. supervisor) as soon as possible. (Max within 2 Days)

19. Internal Review DGL ensure compliance to this standard by conducting Internal reviews. • HSEQ Team conduct annual internal audits of system reviewing- • Work Diaries • GPS records • Runsheet • Daily checklist • Fuel Receipts • Compliance is managed by HSEQ audits • Record of non-compliance are raised for non-conformance • Non-conformance identified- with DGL accreditation legislated work/rest hours record keeping • Non-conformance are then addressed by way of Record Non-Compliance which contain corrective actions to address.

20. Sample of Correctly Filled out Work Diary

21. 12/24hrs Rule Violation Day 1 Start Time 05:00 Finish Time 18:00 Day 2 Start Time 04:00 Finish Time 16:00 Total hours work in 24hrs Day 1 05:00 to Day 2 05:00 24hr period Worked- 13hrs Violation 12/24hrs Rule

22. Test your knowledge • Through the following slides you will be asked an number of questions to show that you have understood the content of this learning tool • Please record your answer on the training form F-260. • You will be required to submit the answers to the DGL HSEQ unit

23. Question 1 • Out of the four answers below which one is not part of • the supply chain relating to Chain of Responsibility? • a) Driver • b) Enforcement Officer • c) Loading Manager • d) Scheduler of the Goods

24. Question 2 How long under NHVL does a driver legally have to report a malfunctioning odometer? • a) 1 working week • b) 28 days • c) 2 business days • d) 8 hours

25. Question 3 If a driver is operating under Standard Hours work and rest option and they worked an 11 hour day, how many minutes of rest is required for that shift? • a) 60 minutes rest time in blocks of 15 continuous minutes • b) when all deliveries are done • c) 15 continuous minutes rest time • d) when feeling fatigued

26. Question 4 Within how many days after the day does a record keeper have to obtain copies of the daily sheets and supplement records? a) 7 days b) 2 business days c) 21 days d) 8 ½ hours

27. Question 5 If a driver uses a work diary how many days of records should be kept in the vehicle? a) 7 days b) 28 days c) 14days d) 5 business days

28. Question 6 If pulled over by an authorised office or police what are they able to remove? a) The trailer b) The rear wheels c) The number plates d) Remove a duplicate of each work diary daily sheet

29. Question 7 If a driver does not have to legally complete a Work Diary were do they need to record their work hours? a) I don’t need to if not travelling outside 100km radius from base. b) I have to record my start time and finish time on Runsheet to ensure I get paid. c) On the DGL Drivers Runsheet fatigue management section

30. Question 8 If a driver has been delayed due to an accident and needs to go over work hours by 30 minutes to get back to depot, do they need to speak to their Manager a) No, anything under 1 hour over my hours is not severe and I can do this b) Yes, drivers are not permitted to breach work hours and must seek Management guidance. c) Yes, aslong as Manager says this is ok, I can do it

31. Question 9 What are drivers required to sign to state that the driver Fitness for Duty checklist has been completed a) On Work Diary Page b) DGL Drivers Runsheet c) on Daily Vehicle Checklist

32. Question 10

33. Question 10 What are the violation that has taken place on the copies of the work diary on the previous slide? a) Driver has not recorded name of place of work and rest change and odometer reading b) Violation - driver exceeded 11hrs work in 12hr period (11.5) c) Violation - driver exceeded 12hrs work in 24hr period (13.0) d) A and C

34. Additional information • https://www.nhvr.gov.au/safety-accreditation-compliance/fatigue-management/work-and-rest-requirements/standard-hours • National Drivers Work Diary