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Multidimensional Aspects of Follower-Leader Identity Integration (FLII)

Explore the integration of leader and follower identities, key antecedents, and consequences in the field of organizational leadership. Understand the dynamic nature and implications of FLII.

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Multidimensional Aspects of Follower-Leader Identity Integration (FLII)

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  1. Follower-Leader Identity Integration (FLII) Thomas Sy, University of California

  2. Background • Leader Identity is an emerging area with much of research focused on1: • Individuals’ identification with prototypical leaders • Effect of leadership on follower identities • Leader social identification • Recent research focusing on individuals’ self-identity as leaders2 • Fundamental assumptions3: • One-way progressive maturation from followers to leaders • Tendency toward dichotomous and discrete view of leaders vs. followers • Individuals possess a bifurcated follower or leader identity 1 e.g., van Knippenberg & Hogg, 2003; Lord & Hall, 2005; Lord & Brown, 2001 2DeRue & Ashford, 2010; Ibarra, Snook, & Guillen Ramo, 2010; Komives, Owen, Longerbeam, Mainella, & Osteen, 2005 3 Day, Harrison, & Halpin, 2009; Ibarra et al., 2010; Plemmons, et al., 2015

  3. Identity • Identity reflects culmination of values and experiences1 • Individuals may possess multiple sub-identities2 • Within organizations, prominent identities individuals possess: Leaders and followers3 • Fundamental assumptions: • Leader and follower identity are permeable and intertwined • Individuals differ in the degree to which they internalize and switch between these roles • Multiple sub-identities of leadership and followership 1Baltes & Carstensen, 1991 2Day & Harrison, 2007; Ibarra et al., 2010; Lord & Hall, 2005 3Sy, 2010; Sy & McCoy, 2014

  4. Multidimensional Model of FLII1 • FLII often implicated as a core leadership mechanism. For example: • Shared Leadership2 • Claiming/granting of leadership and followership3 • Servant Leadership4 • Despite its centrality to leadership processes, little is known and FLII awaits research 1 Sy & McCoy, 2014 2Pearce & Conger, 2002 3DeRue & Ashford, 2010 4Greenleaf, 1977

  5. Multidimensional Model of FLII1 Leader Orientation Low High Low Follower Orientation High 1Sy & McCoy, 2014

  6. Dynamic Identity: Follower-Leader Identity Partition (FLIP)

  7. Dynamic Identity: Follower-Leader Identity Integration (FLII)

  8. Key Antecedents and Consequences of FLII Antecedents Consequences • Environmental • Role Flexibility and Permeability • Feedback on role performance • Value placed on Role • Shared Schemas • ILTs • IFTs • Individual Differences • Self Esteem • Tolerance for Ambiguity • Dialectical Thinking & Identity • Malleable Mindset • Motivation to Lead/ Follow • Social Intelligence • Core Self Evaluation • Role Performance • Follower/Leader Role enactment • Leader/Follower “Style” • Leader Effectiveness • Follower Effectiveness • Innovation and Creativity • Psychological • Psychological adjustment • Emotions • Subjective Wellbeing • Job Satisfaction • Dyad and Group Level • Interpersonal and Intergroup Harmony • High LMX • Dynamism Identity • FLIP • FLII

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