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Chemistry for Engineering Logistics disperseD systems

Department “ ORGANIC CHEMISRTY AND TECHNOLOGY ”. Chemistry for Engineering Logistics disperseD systems 1. Definition and classification of the dispersed systems 2. Structure and interaction between colloid particles Assoc. Prof. V. Grozev.

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Chemistry for Engineering Logistics disperseD systems

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  1. Department “ORGANIC CHEMISRTY AND TECHNOLOGY” Chemistry for Engineering Logistics disperseD systems 1. Definition and classification of the dispersed systems 2. Structure and interaction between colloid particles Assoc. Prof. V. Grozev

  2. 1. Definition and classification of the dispersed systems 1.1. Definition The term "Disperse System" refers to a system in which one substance (the dispersedphase) is distributed, in discrete units, throughout a second substance (the continuous phase, medium). Examples: suspension – the continuous phase is liquid, dispersed phase – solid substance. Emulsions – mixture from two insoluble liquids. 1.2. Classificationofdespersesystems according to state of the continuous (medium) and dispersed phases Each phase of the dispersed systems can exist in solid, liquid or gaseous state.

  3. 1.2. Classification of desperse systems according to state of the continuous (medium) and dispersed phases

  4. 1.2. Classificationofdespersesystems according to state of the continuous (medium) and dispersed phases Suspension - heterogeneous fluid containing solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation. Dispersion is made by mechanical agitation (sand in the water). Aerosol - a suspension of liquid droplets or a suspension of fine solid particles in a gas (smoke, air pollution, smog). Emulsion - a mixture of two or more immiscible liquids. Prepared by shaking – oil/water (milk), water/ oil (butter). Foam - a substance that is formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid. Soap foam bubbels

  5. 1. Definition and classification of the dispersed systems 1.3. Classification of the the dispersed systems according to their particle size:

  6. 2. Structure and interaction between colloid particles Potential determing ions The ions form electrical double layer. The charge of the counter - ions determine the charge of the colloid particle. Potential determining ions Opposite ions Oppositely ions (counter-ions) + + + + + + + + --- --- --- + --- + --- repulsion --- + --- + --- --- --- + + Kernel of the colloid particle Kernel of the colloid particle --- --- + + --- --- + + --- --- + + --- --- --- --- + + + + --- --- --- --- --- --- + + + + + + + + + + Colloidal particles carry an electrical charge and therefore attract or repel each other. The colloidal system is stabilized by electrostatic repulsion between particles.

  7. THANK YOU

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