Energy and Power Management

1. Energy and Power Management

2. Theme 1) Increased applications and usage of high technology gadgets 2) Drastic intake of energy resources from nature in the form of petroleum , fuels, mine for minerals etc. 3) Deforestation, resource exploitations leading to resource crisis and Global Warming.

3. The main focus • Need to balance the global energy crisis • Focus towards Renewable energy • Reducing the usage of Non Renewable energy reserves. • Law of conservation and energy transformation principles.

4. The topics for analysation • Solar energy • Wind energy • Hydroelectricity • Energy Harvesting • Nuclear energy • Oil reserves and its usage • Thermal energy.

5. Preview about solar energy usage THE FACTORS TO BE NOTED • regional programs led by national or state governments and the extent of subsidies within these   • the enthusiasm of customers for green energy especially solar • local electricity tariffs (high electricity rates encourage alternative sources of energy) • solar (sunlight) conditions (solar electricity prices fall as sunlight levels increase) • marketing strategies by solar companies • the extent of the "delivery infrastructure" (the number of local suppliers and qualified installers)

6. Solar Energy consumer • One kilowatt-hour (kWh) equals the amount of electricity needed to burn a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hours. Prices up to $15,000 are also possible as are lower prices depending upon • a) the kind of PV System, • b) country of purchase • c) how the system is purchased and • d) the surface to which the system is attached. A 1-2 kilowatt (1000-2000 watts) one and two days to install. costing $9 per watt peak about 25-30 US cents per kilowatt hour in a sunny climate. silicon cell Solar Module will have a life in excess of 20 years ,electric generating capacity may degradate between 0-20%. Although warrantied for 20 years or more, the warranty on the, inclusive of the other components, is usually 5 years or less.

7. Installation and Budget

8. Wind Energy • succesful and efficient method of Generating power • used in 2000 BC by Egyptions to sail along Nile • 16th century,used in Europe as Windmills and to pump water from wells. • where the success ratio and gestation period for reaching profit is very less which is beneficial..

9. Reasons for fast improvisation • High Strength Fiber composites for constructing large,low cost blades • Falling prices of the power electronics associated with power system • Variable Plant operation ,pushing the availability upto 95% work • Accumalated field experience improving the capacity factor upto 40 %

10. Offshore plantation Introduction of Offshore plant increased the potential with ist high effeciency level. An offshore installation density of 8 MW capacity per square kilometre of area. • 3,000 equivalent full load hours per year on average, this would result in an electricity production of about 61,660 TWh a year. • Belgium,Netherland,Finland,Germany,England lead the way for offshore installation.

11. Hydro Electricity • Major source for power generation in the mode of renewable resource. • Has a high efficiency and long yield time . • Clean power generation and solves multipurpose • Application is limited, the net potential is high. • Longer time to reach the comercial profit but a stable long run plant

12. Energy Harvesting • Principles of conservation • Principles of energy Transformation but Installation of Piezo ,pyro electric crystals • Modern day advancement in Nano Fabrication and smart film enables the process • The bright future expected as the days progress • Sensors and transducers plays a major role

13. Nuclear Energy Energy with big processing needed Used in a higher ratio when compared to last 2 decades Involves high risk in Fuel Disposal Requires skilled operators in executing plant Nuclear accident and radiations are fatal

15. World Nuclear status

16. Thermal power plant Itisoneoftheoldest power generatingmethods Usedhighvalueofcoalandpetroleumresources Takes upto 40% efficiencyandgestationperiodislowandprofitisreachedfaster Remainsasoneofthemajorworld power source Established in 19th century 1st forrunningengines High CO2 emition rate andresulting in pollutionandmorefly ash

17. Global Future ?????? • We live in the world of Gadgets • Machines and technology rules everyone. • Consumption level increases by 8% every year • Power generated from renewable sources increasing by 2 % every year when compared to efficiency and cost. • Developed country consume 5 % more • Developing countries consume 10 % more

18. Generalised plan for power management with renewable sources

19. Problems and Flaws in plans • The cost of power development was 4 % more than the power investment during the year 2003 • The cost for power development and resource management during 2007 was 4.2 % more • During the year the sudden hike in Oil Price resulted in costing 8 % more • This rise in prices will vary as the resources like oil , petroleum and coal still remains unsure.

21. Market trends for solar energy Market trend in Solar energy still remains a puzzle withrespecttotheconsumers The types of consumers are classified • The technicialcrue • The economically strong section • The real thrivingconsumers

22. High Project costings • The field of Thin films, Nano fibrated waffers has resulted in developing PV with 16 % efficiency • The success ratio of the projects are very less and resulting in the high price burdened on the users • High capital investments required and the resourced used at the places where efficiency is low • Global Economy crisis Hit the primary research centres in their funds

23. Wind energy potential • Large agencies work with improvising the Wind energy systems. • Private Firms establishing the wind plants were hit by the lack of funding agencies • There were 16 major bank funding sources for energy management out of which 12 were closed and only4 of them persits • This affected the whole set up and plans by the global nations in their power outlook

24. Blessings • Field of High Voltage has played major role • Steady and slow progress helped in improving the effiency in power gain as the Transmissional losses were over come • The improvement in the field of Nano technology gave the scientist bright hopes and success in transmissionthrough underwater lines. • Researches in HVDC isreachingsuccessandispredictedtoassist in the power transmissionneeds

25. Need for a global governing organisation To solve all the power and energy crisis ,to maintain global awareness and peace, we have a need to come up with a global body governing power and management for the whole world Like UNESCO ,UNICEF or WHO To balance the energy consumption and production level To provide the scientic technology to the parts of the world lacking them and to explore the un explored part.

26. Factors of concern • What to start ? • How to start ? • For Whom to start ? • Impact ? • Duration to achieve results ? • Benefits ?

27. 1 $ per person • If the each and every individual in this world can give 1 $ , this would be good enough to have a strong support for scientific and research exchange. Thisresults in Global Peace. Weare united byscienceand Energy crisisisproblemforevery individual consumerofthisworld.

28. Problems to be expected • The Gloabalclimaticchangesthatmayhittheplansand energy consumtionand energy generation# • Costinvolved in the Research andDevelopments in Technology • The global Market Trend andeconomyand per captiaincomewhichmaychange in the negative side. • Reductionorextinctionofspeciesof Bird becuaseof High Wind plants .

29. Conclusion • Withmillionsofscientistworking, • Billionsofconsumers , Trillionsofgadgets • In an neverendingfieldofscience, Forthesakeofhumanityletsuniteourselvesandexplorethebestmethodsof power generationandmaketheefficientresesourcemanagement.. • Its NOW or NEVER

30. Lets honour the Men who worked in developing scienceLet Honour the science what brought us hereLets honour the science what shows us the future For the science for the future all the Human in this known world.

31. References • High voltagetechnology- HM Ryan • Wind and Solar Energy – M.Patel • PV technology – Hymen Roth • Regenerative technique – TMH publications • ElectricheEnergietechnick – Prof W.Schufft • Oslo International groupfor energy statistics • NationMaster.com forstatisticalreferences • UNO researchpapers • Power outlook Germany 2030 • Thermal plants – Steven Kingston • Google andsomeinternetsources

32. Special Thanks • Special thanks for Prof.Wolfgang Schufft and the Chair of Electrical Energy and High voltage (TU Chemnitz) for providing me a chance to do this small project • Thanks for all the listeners for their patience and support in listening to the presentation.