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2-D Nanostructure Synthesis (Making THIN FILMS!)

2-D Nanostructure Synthesis (Making THIN FILMS!). http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=LFoC-uxRqCg# ! . Examples of thin films: Hydrophobic coating on windshield Plating on a car bumper Anti-reflective coating Solar cells have a transparent conductive coating Soap bubbles

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2-D Nanostructure Synthesis (Making THIN FILMS!)

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  1. 2-D Nanostructure Synthesis(Making THIN FILMS!) http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=LFoC-uxRqCg#!

  2. Examples of thin films: • Hydrophobic coating on windshield • Plating on a car bumper • Anti-reflective coating • Solar cells have a transparent conductive coating • Soap bubbles • Gasoline puddle

  3. Vacuum Science 101 Pressure: The result of gas particles colliding & exerting force Vacuum: The absence of pressure (or very little pressure) • Atmospheric Pressure ~ 760 torr • For film deposition, decrease pressure < 10-3torr • Particles don’t collide into each other very often • Particles mostly collide with surfaces Medium High Rough Ultrahigh (UHV) P (torr)  1-10-3 10-3 – 10-6 10-6 – 10-9 < 10-9 Instruments: Surface / Analytical Sputtering; CVD Electron microscopes Decreasing pressure

  4. Some Terms… • Source: The same chemical as the species, just in a different state of matter, size or location (Ex: Gold) • Species: The chemical you wish to grow (ex: Titanium Oxide) • Substrate: The surface you are growing the thin film on (ex: Silicon)

  5. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) • Involves the transferring of the species from source to a substrate (ex: Vaporized gold is transferred to a substrate and deposited as a thin layer of gold atoms) • Thickness: 0.1 nm - millimeters 2 main types: • #1: Evaporation (heat) • #2: Sputtering (impact of plasma)

  6. Evaporation • Source material is evaporated • Material deposits on substrate • Vacuum (10-3 – 10-10torr) • Control concentration of growth species in vapor • Fun fact, it’s $60,000 for one of these! • Intel, for example, has many of these instruments

  7. Demo: Beaker & watch glass

  8. Sputtering • Argon plasma (Ar+) accelerated towards target • As Ar+ hits target, neutral atoms are ejected • Ejected atoms deposit on substrate

  9. Challenge: Make a model!

  10. Chemical Vapor Deposition Similar to PVD, but reactions between two gases to produce a solid deposit on a substrate

  11. Self-Assembly • Ordered arrangement of molecules that occurs spontaneously due to forces (e.g. chemical reactions, electrostatic attraction) • Chemical bonding between molecules and substrate, as well as between molecules • Sulfur LOVES Cu, Ag, Au

  12. 2D Film Synthesis: Coating Methods • Dip-Coating: • Immerse, Deposit/Drain, • Evaporate, Repeat • Spin-Coating: • Deliver sol to substrate center • Spin up; Spin-off • Evaporate; Repeat • Resulting Films are porous & amorphous • Unique properties (low thermal conductivity) • Applications (electrodes in solar cells)

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