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Status and way forward with Publishing DICOM in XML

Explore the journey and benefits of publishing DICOM standards in XML format, enhancing coherence, efficiency, and implementation consistency. Learn about the architecture, procedures, and objectives driving this transformation.

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Status and way forward with Publishing DICOM in XML

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  1. Status and way forward with Publishing DICOM in XML Cor Loef Chair ad hoc group on Publishing DICOM in XML

  2. Ad hoc WG on DICOM Standard publication and maintenance in XML • Started in WG 10, work item approved September 2002 • Formally moved as ad hoc group to WG 6 in 2003 • Decision on way forward to DSC in Dec 2003

  3. Rationale • DICOM standard big and complex • Difficult to maintain coherence • Difficult to implement

  4. Objectives • Create architecture for an XML representation of standard • Devise procedures for maintenance and publication

  5. Benefits • Improve consistency of standard • Multiple publication formats • Word, PDF, HTML, etc. • Improve efficiency of updates • Improve efficiency and consistency of implementation, test tools, DICOM toolkits • Establish more powerful method of information modeling

  6. Plan • Draft framework • Convert Part 6 • Convert significant portions of Part 3 and Part 16

  7. Decision to be taken, as written in workitem: “An formal evaluation of the validity of the XML approach will take place the moment part 6, part 16, and a significant part of part 3 are completed in draft, with a plan and concept for the complete DICOM standard. At that moment, and based on the evaluation, the DICOM Standards Committee will take a decision whether or not to continue with the approach. The group is expected to deliver in 2003 the deliverables of the first phase. The goal is then to have part 6, 16 and 3 published in 2004.”

  8. Directory Structure Root directory  Individual parts Folders for documents, stylesheets, schemas, common entity definitions, etc. 

  9. Part Directory Structure main chapter    appendix    Entity definitions Images Other files

  10. main.xml <!-- entity definitions, including part title --> <book label="6" id="Part06"> &title-matter; &chap01; &chap02; &chap03; &chap04; &chap05; &chap06; &chap07; &chap08; &appenA; </book> Boilerplate text, with part title as parameter Each chapter is in a separate file (Better done with XInclude and catalog) So is each appendix (annex)

  11. DocBook • Widely used DTD for technical content • Actively developed and maintained by OASIS • Default stylesheets • Customizable • One content  multiple renderings • XSL-FO • HTML • …

  12. Output (for each Part) • FO  PDF • Single HTML page • Chunked HTML pages • HTML Help • Benefit • Cross-references • Within a part • Across parts

  13. Current Status • Complete conversion of Part 6 • Majority of Parts 3 & 16 converted • To do: • P3: Tables A.1-1, A.1-2, Annex K (SR encoding example), Annex P (Index) • P16: some context groups, Annex F (Japanese) • Decide how to represent constraints on IODs, macros, templates • Complete conversion of Part 12 • For process verification

  14. Deliverables: • Part 3 • Part 6 • Part 16 • Part 12

  15. Plan • Continue with this effort • Target: whole DICOM standard in XML as draft available for WG6 review June 2004 • Each part will be assessed on the need to structure the text

  16. Conversion from Word • Tool: Majix • http://www.tetrasix.com • Converts RTF to sdocbook DTD (Simplified DocBook) • Works mostly, but needs tweaking • Prose and “simple” tables converted with this • Other tools are available, but none can do this perfectly

  17. Conversion of Templates • Special processing required to recover structure from Word table • Java program written to do this • Works well • Caught typos

  18. Figures • Currently • Majix outputs them from Word as WMF • Use as is, or convert to GIF, JPEG • Eventually, should be redrawn in SVG • Some can be produced programmatically • E.g.: Mammo CAD SR IOD template hierarchy

  19. Math • DocBook has minimal support for mathematical expressions • Equations should be rendered as graphics and included inline • Until MathML gets wider support

  20. Tools • For general XML editing, any text editor can be used • emacs • vi • XML editors • XML Spy • Morphon (free) • XML Mind (xxe)

  21. XSLT • Xalan • http://xml.apache.org/xalan • Saxon • http://saxon.sourceforge.net • Version 7 (& beyond) supports XSLT 2.0 • xsltproc • http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT • In C • Much faster than the others (in Java)

  22. XSL-FO • Needed to produce PDF • XEP • http://www.renderx.com • XSL Formatter • http://www.antennahouse.com • FOP • http://xml.apache.org/FOP • Free, but less coverage than the others

  23. XML Catalog & XInclude • XML catalog allows better management of the collection of files • XInclude allows inclusion of (fragments of) XML files in others • Included files can be validated

  24. What can be done with XML content? • Fewer typos • Consistency checking • Better configuration management • Generation of tables & figures

  25. What Else? • Process for conversion of all Parts • How to do updates • Develop utilities • Generate A.1-1 and A.1-2 of P3 • Generate template hierarchies • etc. • Customization of stylesheet

  26. What about new content • How to incorporate new supplements and CPs? • Transitional period • No change for authors • NEMA staff will convert FT to DocBook • Eventually • New process • Do it at granularity level of sections

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