Notes #18: SPECIES INTERACTIONS Part 2

1. Warm up 3-31: • Using: + = good & - = bad explain which types of symbiosis correspond to: • (+/+) (+/-) (+/0) Notes #18: SPECIES INTERACTIONS Part 2 PP 403-404

2. PREDATION (+/-) • one species eats another species • predator: eater and prey: eaten • Types: carnivores, herbivores

3. PREY: SEA URCHINS • cyclic in nature – ↑ in prey leads to ↑ in predators (vice versa) • Adaptations in prey for defense against predators PREDATOR: SEA STARS

4. RESPONSES TO PREDATION • camouflage: Cryptic coloration disguises an animal so it’s less visible to predators or prey

5. warning coloration: intended not to camouflage an organism but to make it more noticeable - Bright coloring, scent, or taste to warn potential aggressors

6. mimicry: physical (or behavioral resemblance) of one species to another 1. natural selection of a second moth species favors moths who look like the bad tasting species (bright colors) 2. color patterns may be similar

7. moment of truth defenses: action by prey just before death that is unexpected by predator

8. alluring coloration: animals are colored so a predator's attention is drawn to a non-vital part of the prey's body

9. Species Interactions • Plant Prey Adaptations -adaptations work towards protecting the plant from being eaten Ex/ Physical Defenses – thorns, spines, sticky hairs and tough leaves Chemical Defense – poisonous, irritating or bad tasting Secondary Compounds – chemicals that are a byproduct of the plants metabolism Ex/ Strychnine, Capsacian & Nicotine

10. Homework • Turn in Notebook (1 pile) • Turn in Warm-ups (2nd Pile) 3/5/14 - 3/31/14 • Response to Predation • Trifold Vocab: • Interspecific Competition • Intraspecific Competition • Mutualism • Commensalism • Symbiosis • Species Richness • Species Evenness • Primary Species • Pioneer Species

11. Warm-up 4/1 What is resource/niche partitioning? What is competitive exclusion?