Sensory Awareness Trail Project 06209

1. Sensory Awareness TrailProject 06209 Tony Wong Luke Hogan Rich Adams Chiedu Monu Tim Mugwanya

2. Mission Statement • To provide sensory stimulation by implementing various sights and sounds that incorporate physical presence of the environment. • Sponsor: Everybody Rides Program located in Newark, NY

3. Background • Everybody Rides is a non-profit therapeutic horseback riding program that serves over 400 riders with developmental disabilities annually. • Uses Hippotherapy, or therapy on horseback. A physical therapist and riding instructor work as a team to provide exercises which positively impact the rider's physical limitations.

4. Stakeholders • People with Developmental Disabilities • Employees and Volunteers of the Everybody Rides program • Maintenance Personnel • Physical Therapists

5. Market • Primary Market – Riders, trainers, and other employees of the Everybody Rides Program. • Secondary Market – Other therapeutic horseback riding programs and sensory trails.

6. Needs Assessment • Stimulate the motor skills of participants. • Incorporate sensory stimulus for all participants especially those who are visually-impaired. • Help participants understand their surroundings and its features. • Projects shall require little maintenance and should be easily accessible to maintenance crews. • All projects shall be safe for all ages and abilities. • The project component shall not cause a disturbance to all users including humans as well as horses on the trail.

7. Needs Assessment (cont.) • Any required electrical energy shall be generated on site using a renewable power source. • All project components shall be weatherproof. • Constructed stations shall not be easily accessible to small animals. • Project components shall not obstruct the pre-existing trail. • Anything built shall look as natural as possible. • Develop a plan of unfinished projects for future design groups to undertake.

8. Design Requirements Mechanical • All projects require maintenance less than 3 times annually. • Electronics are enclosed in no less than one layer of weatherproofing. • All electronic enclosures are screwed shut. • All wood is pressure treated and/or sealed with water repellant. Electrical • No more than 300 mA on any circuits. • All power sources must be renewable/rechargeable. Aesthetics • All installed objects are off of the beaten path in locations agreed upon by Everybody Rides. • All projects’ external parts are colors or materials found in nature.

9. Design Requirements (cont.) Activity • 1/3 of devices installed stimulate the motor skills of participants either by using the device itself or by doing as it instructs. • 100% of devices installed stimulate the sense of hearing when used properly. • If all devices are used on the trail: • Sense of smell is stimulated at least once. • Sense of touch is stimulated at least once. • Sense of sight is stimulated beyond the normal level on the trail at least once. • At least 4 narrative boxes highlight different aspects of the trail. Safety • Any edges on devices are no sharper than anything found in nature. • Load bearing projects have a factor of safety of 2 or higher. • No device uses flashing lights. • Decibel levels of all installed devices, when used as instructed, do not exceed 85. • All open containers intended for storage (baskets, buckets, etc.) have openings of 12” diameter or greater. General • Plan includes top 4 ideas not installed on the trail as agreed upon by everybody rides.

10. QFD

11. QFD

12. Assessment of Existing Designs

13. List of Ideas

14. Feasibility 5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible

15. Feasibility 5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible

16. Preference List

17. Feasibility 5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible

18. Selected Projects

19. Narrative Audio Boxes Playback Button • Operation: The hand-crank powered speakers will highlight exceptional nature specimens. Speaker Hand-crank Generator Handle

20. Animal Silhouettes Station • Operation: Informative audio clips combine with animal silhouettes to create a matching game

21. Audio Circuit Block Diagram Input Output Generator Rectifier/Regulator Charge Circuit Record/Playback Module Amplifier • 5V Regulator (LM340/LM7800C) • 2-Watt speaker with 8-ohm impedance

22. Operating Specifications Hand-Crank Generator Power Amplifier

23. Rechargeable Battery -Advantage: Very Reliable and convenient. -Disadvantage: In case of battery leakage, internal materials may be hazardous to environment. Capacitor -Advantage: Stores voltage over long periods of time. -Disadvantage: Discharges very rapidly on its own. Charging Circuit Challenge

24. One button is pushed down to record the message. The LED turns on during this time. The other button just has to be momentarily pressed to replay the message. All you have to add is the speaker and 5V power. Duration of Playback: 20 sec Recording Module

25. Bamboo Chimes • Operation: a giant bamboo chime, that is struck by riders and walkers of the trail, to create a melodic sound.

26. Bamboo Chimes Installation • 4 ft. Frost Depth • Anchored by Concrete

27. Bamboo Chimes 2” x 4” FS: 19.3 FS: 69.6

28. Trail Bridge • Operation: Horseback and walking clients will be able to safely cross this bridge where a creek intersects the trail

29. Trail Bridge • Properties of Eastern Hemlock • Relative Humidity ↑ Properties ↓ • Worst Case Humidity: 88% in September (www.weather.com) • Moisture Content: 21% (from chart in The Wood Handbook) • Properties were adjusted: Values at 12% obtained from the Wood Handbook

30. Column Buckling Analysis RESULTS: Critical Load = 186940.3 lbs Critical Stress = 5192.8 psi Slender Ratio of Short Column Equivalent Length for fixed-fixed support Critical Stress Critical Load

31. Top Beam Bottom Beam Top & Bottom Beam

32. Top Beam Safety Factors Bottom Beam

33. Cross Plank Ramp Cross Plank & Ramp

34. Center Loading of Cross Plank Safety Factors Left Loading of Cross Plank

35. Worst Shearing Stress Cases Ramp (middle loading) FS: 1.28 Ramp( upper load, closer to middle) FS: 1.47 Ramp (toward bottom) FS: 1.49

36. Stress Analysis for Bridge

37. Load Analysis of Bridge Joints

38. Solar-Powered Fountain and Pine Cone Bucket Cost: $39.88 Cost: $39.97

39. Total Cost

40. Future Ideas Packet:Squirrel Chase Pull Rope Down Squirrel Moves Up • Mounted to Tree or Post • User Pulls Rope to Move Squirrel

41. Future Ideas Packet:Woodpecker • Mounted to Tree or Post • User Pulls Rope, Bird Pivots to Hit Wood Pull Rope Down Bird Rocks Forward

42. Future Ideas Packet: Hand Powered Animals • Mounted to Post • User Turns Handle, Animals Bob Up and Down Rotate Handle

43. Future Ideas Packet: Water Wheel • Mounted to Post at Waters Edge • User Turns Handle, Causes Wheel Spin and Splash Water Bevel Gears

44. Future Agenda • Order Parts by Week 4 • Construct Stations by Week 8 • Test Stations Weeks 8-10 • Develop Ideas Packet Weeks 8-10

45. Dr. Elizabeth DeBartolo – Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Rochester Institute of Technology Dr. Daniel Phillips – Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Rochester Institute of Technology Bob Brewer – Chief Engineer and Department Manager, NTID ITV at the Rochester Institute of Technology Jeana Sansocie – Student of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the Rochester Institute of Technology Sue Epstein – Program Director and Volunteer Coordinator for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY Lisa Williams – Riding Instructor for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY Jo Anderson – Riding Instructor for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY Ron Mamroe – Barn Manager for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY Mark DeCracker – Recreational Therapist for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY Bob Whitbeck – Recreational Therapist for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY This material is based upon work supported by the national Science Foundation under Award No. BES-0527358 Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Acknowledgements