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BASIC CONSIDERATIONS IN PREPARING AN EFFECTIVE MEDICAL LECTURE. PATRICK DUFF, M.D. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. To describe the key features of an effective medical lecture To describe the essential steps in preparing a well organized slide show and written syllabus. OVERVIEW.
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BASIC CONSIDERATIONS IN PREPARING AN EFFECTIVE MEDICAL LECTURE PATRICK DUFF, M.D. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
LEARNING OBJECTIVES • To describe the key features of an effective medical lecture • To describe the essential steps in preparing a well organized slide show and written syllabus
OVERVIEW • Selecting a topic • Preparing a written syllabus • Preparing slides • Making the presentation
CAVEAT • “We made too many wrong mistakes.”
THE MEDICAL LECTURESELECTING THE TOPIC • Should be of general interest to the audience not just to the speaker • Should be at the appropriate level of sophistication
THE MEDICAL LECTURESELECTING THE TOPIC • The most difficult audience to please is the "mixed audience" • Students • Faculty • Nurses • Physicians from different specialties
THE MEDICAL LECTURESELECTING THE TOPIC • Aim the presentation at the "majority" • Address unique situations that may affect the "minority"
THE MEDICAL LECTURESELECTING THE TOPIC • Presentation should be amenable to review in the allotted time • 30 minutes is ideal • 50 minutes is too long for an audience of clinicians (or students), even for the most attentive listener Wow, is the lecture over already?
THE MEDICAL LECTUREOPTIONS FOR THE WRITTEN SYLLABUS • “Bare bones” outline • Detailed outline • Monograph • Reproduction of slides • Slides plus text
THE MEDICAL LECTUREESSENTIAL SLIDES • Title slide • Learning objectives • Overview • Conclusions
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Major heading • Subheading • Text lines
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Offset each item with a bullet rather than a Roman numeral or letter
THE MEDICAL LECTURE SLIDE FORMAT • Use numerals only if numerical order is important • Example – the ABCs of CPR • Example – the most common cancers in women, in descending order of frequency
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Limit script on each line and number of lines on each slide so that the slide is easily visible from the back of a larger conference room
THE MEDICAL LECTURE“TOO MUCH” MATERIAL ON SLIDE • Criteria for the diagnosis of severe pre-eclampsia • BP > 160 mm Hg • BP > 110 mm Hg • CNS hyperexcitability • Visual changes • Headache • Pulmonary edema • IUGR • Thombocytopenia • Abnormal liver function tests • Oliguria
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Choose appropriate colors for the background and text so that the bullets and script are easily visible and the text reproduces uniformly
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT – BAD EXAMPLE • Be wary of color choices • Be wary of color choices • Some color combinations may not be easily visible • Some color combinations may not be easily visible
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Choose appropriate size lettering – especially when your lecture will be presented in a large room • Do not use font size < 28
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT - EXAMPLE • This script is too small • This script is too big • This script is probably just right
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Limit the number of narrative text slides to approximately 1 to 1.5 per minute • Proofread slides carefully
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • When you do not proofred yur slides carfully, you create the impression of hapharzardniss in your approash to science
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Use graphs, pie charts, and tabular summaries in lieu of narrative text when appropriate • Be certain that graphs and tables are labeled correctly and that they are easily visible
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Avoid use of complicated tables and figures • You should not have to apologize for a "busy slide“ because you should not show it in the first place
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Be wary of flash over substance
THE MEDICAL LECTURESLIDE FORMAT • Provide citations for key studies • Include pertinent clinical materials • Sonogram • MRI or CT scan • Anatomic specimen
PREPARING FOR THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Be certain of the operation of the projector, remote control, and pointer • Be certain of interfaces • Computer projector • Flash drive computer • Versions of power point
PREPARING FOR THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Rehearse • Rehearse • Rehearse Goal = perfect practice
SURVEYING THE CONFERENCE ROOM • Review controls for room lights • Determine optimal lighting • Set comfortable room temperature
SURVEYING THE CONFERENCE ROOM • Insure that adequate seating is available – especially for late arrivals • Eliminate distracting noises such as pagers, cell phones, voices in adjacent rooms, and background music
MAKING THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Dress in an appropriate manner for the event • Stand erect
MAKING THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Speak at an appropriate rate and volume • Maintain eye contact • Do not continuously face the screen
MAKING THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Be appropriately formal but not at the expense of spontaneity • Avoid distracting mannerisms
MAKING THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Hold the pointer steady • Illuminate the device only when pointing at a specific feature of the slide • Do not wave the pointer haphazardly
MAKING THE ORAL PRESENTATION • Elicit interaction with the audience whenever possible
MAKING THE PRESENTATION HUMOROUS SLIDES • Must always be in good taste • Must be relevant to the subject
MAKING THE PRESENTATION HUMOROUS SLIDES • Use humor to make an important point • If humor alone is the point, do not use the slide
MAKING THE PRESENTATIONPODIUM AND MICROPHONE • Positioning of the podium • Fixed microphone • Portable microphone
MAKING THE PRESENTATIONRESPONSE TO QUESTIONS • Written vs oral • Repeat the question so that all can hear
EVALUATING THE PRESENTATION“AFTER ACTION” ASSESSMENT • Immediately evaluate your presentation • Correct obvious errors • Reassess when you receive your formal evaluation and then further modify the presentation
THE MEDICAL LECTURECONCLUSIONS • Select an appropriate topic • ADHERE TO THE TIME LIMIT • Follow the written outline • Prepare attractive slides
THE MEDICAL LECTURECONCLUSIONS • Rehearse the presentation • Maximize the ambient environment • Engage the audience • ADHERE TO THE TIME LIMIT !
THE MEDICAL LECTURECONCLUSIONS • Be at peace with the fact that you cannot please everyone no matter how hard you try