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Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Hardy-Weinberg Principle. Concepts and Equations. Hardy-Weinberg Principle. Population genetics - study of properties of genes in populations blending inheritance phenotypically intermediate (phenotypic inheritance) was widely accepted new genetic variants would quickly be diluted.

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Hardy-Weinberg Principle

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  1. Hardy-Weinberg Principle Concepts and Equations

  2. Hardy-Weinberg Principle • Population genetics - study of properties of genes in populations • blending inheritancephenotypically intermediate (phenotypic inheritance) was widely accepted • new genetic variants would quickly be diluted

  3. Hardy-Weinberg Principle • Hardy-Weinberg - original proportions of genotypes in a population will remain constant from generation to generation • Sexual reproduction (meiosis and fertilization) alone will not change allelic (genotypic) proportions.

  4. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Population of cats n=100 16 white and 84 black bb = white B_ = black Can we figure out the allelic frequencies of individuals BB and Bb?

  5. Hardy-Weinberg Principle • Necessary assumptions Allelic frequencies would remain constant if… • population size is very large • random mating • no mutation • no gene input from external sources • no selection occurring

  6. Hardy-Weinberg Principle • Calculate genotype frequencies with a binomial expansion (p+q)2 = p2 + 2pq + q2 • p2 = individuals homozygous for first allele • 2pq = individuals heterozygous for alleles • q2 = individuals homozygous for second allele

  7. Hardy-Weinberg Principle p2 + 2pq + q2 and p+q = 1 (always two alleles) • 16 cats white = 16bb then (q2 = 0.16) • This we know we can see and count!!!!! • If p + q = 1 then we can calculate p from q2 • Q = square root of q2 = q √.16 q=0.4 • p + q = 1 then p = .6 (.6 +.4 = 1) • P2 = .36 • All we need now are those that are heterozygous (2pq) (2 x .6 x .4)=0.48 • .36 + .48 + .16

  8. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

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