Unit 11

1. Unit 11 Transportation (I)

2. Part I • Training focus: summaries • Task A1: You are going to hear two short news items. Work out the summaries. • 1. This news item is about ______________________________________________________________________ • 2. This news item is about ___________________________________ Boeing’s 18 billion new orders this year for its new 777 jetliner. possible mergers between airlines.

3. Task A2: Listen to the second news item again and then match column A with column B. The match will suggest the mergers between airlines. • Column A Column B • British Airways Northwest • United Airlines Dutch KLM • Swiss Air Delta • American Airlines Sabena Airlines • U.S. Airways

4. Task B: You are going to hear several descriptions of some of the modern means of transportation. Fill in the blanks according to what you hear on the tape. • Monorail: • 1. Monorail systems rely on a very simple technology: ______________ riding on a narrow _________________ . • 2. Monorail systems are capable of speeds of _________________ and offer ride quality comparable to conventional __________ technologies. rubber-tired cars concrete guideway 65 miles per hour rail transit

5. safe environmentally sensitive • 3. Mononrail systems are _____ and more _____________________ than any other elevated transit technology. • 4. And __________________________ caused by monorail construction are dramatically _____ than other forms of mass transit. noise and neighborhood disruption lower

6. Maglev • 1. One of the most exciting recent innovations in railroad technology is ________________ ,or Maglev, which relies on the principle of magnetism—________________. • 2. This new technology will result in trains that are _____________ , more efficient, more comfortable, and ____________________________ magnetic levitation attraction and repulsion faster, smoother more environmentally sound.

7. electric railway system • Light Rail: • 1. Light rail transit is an ____________________ characterized by its abilityto operate __________________________ along shared or exclusive rights-of-way____________, on aerial structures, __________ , or occasionally _________ . • 2. It is also to _______________ passengers at station platforms or __________ , or car-floor level, and is normally powered by ________________ . single cars or multi-car trains at ground level in subways in streets board and discharge at street,track overhead electrical wires

8. 60 miles per hour (100 km per hour) • 3. The maximum speed of light rail trains is normally ___________________________. • 4. Passenger capacity of each car in a multiple car consist can be up to as many as ___________________________________ 250 passengers (standees included).

9. Task A2: Listen to the second news item again and then match column A with column B. The match will suggest the mergers between airlines. • Column A Column B • British Airways Northwest • United Airlines Dutch KLM • Swiss Air Delta • American Airlines Sabena Airlines • U.S. Airways

10. Part II Cross the Channel After the battle of Hastings, England has never been successfully invaded though many have tried. The English Channel provides a natural barrier but it also has separated England from the rest of the world. So in the last couple of centuries, schemes have been proposed to connect England and the Europe continent across the Channel.

11. scheme: • an officially organized plan or system • 计划;方案 • Jack's scheme for raising money is practicable. • 杰克筹款的计划是可行的。 • freight: goods, but not passengers, that are carried from one place to another, by ship, aircraft, train or truck

12. ferry: • a boat or ship for taking passengers and often vehicles across an area of water, especially as a regular service submerge: to go below the surface of the sea or a river or lake: The submarine submerged when enemy planes were sighted. tram track: 电车轨道

13. claustrophobia: fear of being in enclosed spaces: He suffers from claustrophobia so he never travels on underground trains. 幽闭恐怖症 -phobia: an extreme fear of a particular thing or situation, especially one that cannot be reasonably explained Xenophobia: hatred of foreigners

14. English Channel: is the part of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the Island of Great Britain from northern France. It is about 563 km long and at its widest is 240 km. The Strait Dover is the narrowest point, it being only 34 km. The Strait of Dover (in French: Pas de Calais) is the eastern end of the English Channel.

15. Channel Tunnel:英伦海峡海底隧道 • The Chunnel is a a three-tunnel railroad (50 km) beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. It was completed in1994. It is the second-longest rail tunnel in the world, surpassed only by the Seikan Tunnel in Japan. It is operated by Eurotunnel plc. Channel Tunnel

16. Sketch of one of EuroRoute's bridge structures • EuroRoute Artist's impression of one of the two artificial islands

17. aerial view of additional parallel trestles added in 1999 • Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel • 切萨皮克湾大桥隧道[美国弗吉尼亚州东南部] Aerial view of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel looking south from Cape Charles, Virginia

18. Scandinavia:斯堪的那维亚半岛斯堪的那维亚半岛 The region in northern Europe containing Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and the peninsulas they occupy. Through cultural, historical, and political associations, Finland and Iceland are often considered part of Scandinavia.

19. Channel Expressway, EuroRoute and Flexilink are schemes proposed on how to cross the English Channel. Listen and get some idea of the three proposals. • Task A. Listen and match the pictures with the names of the schemes. • EuroRoute—illustration • Channel Expressway—illustration • Flexilink—illustration b a c

20. Task B.Listen again For each scheme described in the recording, note down the answers to the following questions.

21. lorries lorries ferries freight trains at night freight trains drive through drive through ferries trains half hour a ferry passenger trains Lower running costs than Channel /no queuing for motorists waiting for trains Cheapest/ most reliable/safest/most flexible/most environment-friendly/most pleasuable road and rail

22. Part III Concord: past and future Concorde: 协和式超音速喷射客机

23. Task A 1: You are going to hear a group of tourists on a rather exclusive tour. They leave London one Saturday morning for a day out in Cairo and are back in Britain, in time for bed, the same day. Listen carefully, and complete the missing information on the following advertisement.

24. afterburner: • 后燃气(喷射引擎等的再燃装置) • thrust:推力,驱动力 • The direction of the thrust of the rockets is controlled by computer. • 火箭推力的方向是由电脑控制的 • shaft: (机械) 轴 • horsepower:马力(功率单位) • mach: speed of an aircraft related to the speed of sound 马赫值

25. barmy: • behaving strangely, or very silly • overwhelming: • 势不可挡的 • straggle:to move or spread untidily and in small numbers or amounts: • airborne: in the air or carried by an aircraft • Rolls Royce Olympus engines: • 劳易斯劳莱斯奥林巴司发动机 • （涡轮喷气机引擎）

26. Harrods: • （in London）哈洛德百貨公司（最奢华的百货公司）

27. citadel: a fortress for protecting a town • 护城)城堡;堡垒,要塞 • Pyramid of Cheops乔普斯金字塔 • Pyramid of Khafre:卡菲金字塔 • Sphinx:狮身人面像 • Holiday Inn: is a brand name applied to hotels within the InterContinental Hotels Group • President Sadat’s tomb: • Heathrow: the international airport of London

28. 100 • Egypt for the day by (Concorde) • Only _____ seats on this exclusive, once in-a-lifetime trip. • The price of _____ includes: • Champagne • Lunch on the outbound journey • ________ on the return journey • Sightseeing tour of _______ by coach with the services of a ______ • A ride by _______ or horse or carriage at the site of the ________. £795 Dinner Cairo guide camel Pyramids

29. PyramidHoliday Inn in the morning 10:30 p.m 7 • A buffet lunch at the _________________ • Leave London _____________ on Saturday and arrive back at _________, spending __ hours in Cairo!

30. Task B: You are going to hear a report about the crash of the Concorde. Listen and complete the following facts according. • trajectory: • 轨线;常角轨道 • plume: • 羽毛状的烟云 • trail: • path

31. frantically: • 疯狂地;狂热地 • muster: • to produce • sleek: • 光滑的 • curvature: • (几何)曲率

32. Le Bourget airport is an airport, located in Le Bourget, close to Paris, France • Gonesse is a town north of Paris. • 2000年7月，法航一架协和式飞机在法国Gonesse失事，造成114人死亡

33. The crash of the Concorde: • Flight number: Air France Flight 4590 • Time of crash: soon after takeoff • Location of crash: Gonesse • Casualty: 114 people died. • Some features of the Concorde • The Concorde, with its supersonic abilities and sleek design, has always been a celebrity of the skies.

34. The Concorde, and supersonic travel for masses, have always been built on hopes and dreams. • It is a remarkable achievement to build a commercial jet that can slice through the air at 1,350 miles an hour at an altitude of 11 miles. • French Transport Minister’s view on supersonic technology: “Supersonic technology is still the technology of the future.”