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Principles of Agricultural Structures

Principles of Agricultural Structures. Objectives. Identify and describe the characteristics of the 4 major building types used in agriculture. Describe primary building structural components. Describe the types of loads acting on buildings. Interpret building plans.

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Principles of Agricultural Structures

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  1. Principles of Agricultural Structures

  2. Objectives • Identify and describe the characteristics of the 4 major building types used in agriculture. • Describe primary building structural components. • Describe the types of loads acting on buildings. • Interpret building plans. • Perform basic design calculations.

  3. Major Building Types used in Agriculture • Stud Frame Construction • Pole (or post) Frame Construction • Rigid Arch Construction • Masonry Construction

  4. Stud Frame Construction

  5. Pole (Post) Construction

  6. Masonry Construction Block ConstructionPoured-in-place ConstructionTilt-up Construction

  7. Rigid Arch Construction

  8. Primary Building Components Roof: Weather protection.Lateral support of exterior walls. Walls:Weather protection.Support vertical loads.Resist lateral loads. Foundation and Footing:Transfer all structural loads to soil.Soil: Supports all building loads. p. 65 of text.

  9. AgriScience & Technology Center

  10. Foundation and Slab

  11. Common Roof Types C. B. A. Gambrel Shed Gable D. F. E. Combination Gothic Hip

  12. Rafter Ridge board Plate Rafter Roof Components

  13. Gusset Upper Chord Lower Chord Web Truss Roof Components

  14. Rise Run Span Roof Terms

  15. Roof Pitch EXAMPLE Rise = 3’Run = 12’ Expressed as:A. “Rise per foot of Run” or asB. “Fractional Pitch”

  16. Stress, Strain and Building Loads Stress vs. Strain Types of Stress Hooke’s Law Structural Loads

  17. Strain Stress Stress vs. Strain

  18. Compressive Stress

  19. Tensile Stress

  20. Shearing Stress

  21. Torsional Stress

  22. What Types of Stress Can You ID?

  23. Hooke’s Law Strain is proportional to stress within the elastic limits of a material.

  24. Elastic limits

  25. Types of Building Loads • Dead load • Weight of building materials. • Live loads • Moveable load – Building contents that can move but are generally stationary for extended periods. • Moving load – Building contents that move often. • Snow load – Vertical load from weight of snow on roof. • Wind load – Pressure acting on roof and walls due to horizontal wind.

  26. A well-designed and constructed farm building will: • Withstand all “normal” loads without structural failure. • Be as economical as possible (but no more than possible!) • Efficiently serve its intended function • Have capacity for expansion • Be integrated into existing and intended facilities plan

  27. How can you ensure proper building design and construction? • Contractor • Reputable • Licensed / Bonded • Self • Use pre-engineered packages • Follow engineering plans from reputable source • Consult with professional engineer as necessary

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