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Stroke in a Box

Stroke in a Box . Alberta Health Services, Stroke Program, Edmonton Area. Key Messages. Know the signs and symptoms of a stroke Know the Top 10 Risk Factors for stroke Know what you can do to decrease your risk. What Is A Stroke?. Otherwise known as a Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

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Stroke in a Box

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  1. Stroke in a Box Alberta Health Services, Stroke Program, Edmonton Area

  2. Key Messages • Know the signs and symptoms of a stroke • Know the Top 10 Risk Factors for stroke • Know what you can do to decrease your risk

  3. What Is A Stroke? • Otherwise known as a Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) • Loss of blood flow to an area of the brain resulting in damage and death of brain cells • A corresponding loss of brain function (i.e. weakness, sensory loss, language difficulties) • May be ischemic or hemorrhagic

  4. Frequency Of Stroke By Type • “Ischemic” stroke = Blood clot in the brain (85%) • “Hemorrhagic” stroke = Bleeding in the brain (15%)

  5. The Impact Of Stroke • #1 cause of adult disability and 3rd leading cause of death in Canada • 10% of Canadians are stroke survivors • Risk of stroke rises sharply beginning at 40 years of age! • Rate of stroke is expected to rise by 25% by year 2020

  6. What Are The Signs Of A Stroke?

  7. Stroke Is A Medical Emergency TIME IS BRAIN! DON’T delay… call 9-1-1

  8. What Is A “Mini-Stroke”? They are Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)… • TRANSIENT = short-term or temporary • ISCHEMIC = a blood clot in the brain that has cut off the flow of blood • ATTACK

  9. Your Only Warning? • Symptoms occur suddenly and often last only a few minutes (30 seconds – 10 minutes) • If you have a TIA, you are at an increased risk for having a completed stroke • What chest pain is to Heart Attack – TIA is to Stroke. It is an Emergency!

  10. Hypertension High Cholesterol (Dyslipidemia) Diabetes Atrial Fibrillation Smoking Top 10 Stroke Risk Factors • Diet • Alcohol • Obesity • Sedentary lifestyle • Metabolic Syndrome

  11. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) • Measure of how hard the blood pushes against the walls of your arteries (pressure or tension) • Normal for blood pressure to go up and down throughout day but if it stays up . . . you have . . • “High Blood Pressure”

  12. Hypertension #1 Risk Factor for Stroke • Normal Blood Pressure less than 120/80 (ref) • High Blood Pressure > or = 140/90 • 17% of high blood pressure can be attributed to high salt diets

  13. Dyslipidemia (High Cholesterol) • Known as “high cholesterol” • High cholesterol can build up in the walls of your blood vessels • This may allow a clot to develop within the blood vessels • Often due to diet and lifestyle

  14. Cholesterol Target Levels • High-density lipoprotein (HDL): “good cholesterol” • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): “bad cholesterol” • Total Cholesterol - the sum of all cholesterol measured in a person's blood

  15. Diabetes – Type ll • Most common type • Different from Type I - body still produces insulin but not enough for normal metabolic processes • Can sometimes be eliminated with diet and lifestyle changes • Excess glucose/insulin in bloodstream can damage arteries that carry oxygen to brain • Also more likely to have high blood pressure and heart disease

  16. Diabetes - Target Levels • Fasting Blood Sugar 3.3 – 6.0 • HgbA1C < or = 7

  17. Atrial Fibrillation • Most common heart arrhythmia • Muscles of upper chambers (Atria) quiver (fibrillate) instead of beating effectively • Causes blood to pool and clots to form • Can be treated with medications

  18. Smoking • Smoking doubles the risk for stroke and is a powerful risk factor • Stroke risk returns to normal within 2-4 years after quitting • In heavy smokers, risk was reduced but never returned to base line

  19. Dietary Intake Cutting down on your intake of salt and fat may lower your blood pressure and your risk for stroke

  20. Alcohol • Excessive drinking of alcohol of any type is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke • Avoid binge drinking (*Consuming >6 drinks for men or >4 drinks for women in one session)

  21. Obesity Waist circumference should be: • less than 102cm (40 inches) for men • less than 88 cm (35 inches) for women

  22. Sedentary Lifestyle • Being overweight/obese and a lack of physical activity are both major contributors to chronic disease • Increasing physical activity will help reduce body fat and fat around the waist • 20% of all deaths of people 35 and older are attributed to a lack of physical activity Being a couch potato can kill you……literally

  23. Metabolic Syndrome • Group of risk factors that increase risk for stroke • 3 of 5 listed conditions • Causes – genetics, lifestyle, diet, weight • Weight loss, healthy diet and exercise – key to preventing metabolic syndrome

  24. This Could Be You…. What can you do to minimize your risk?

  25. Risk Factor Management See your GP on a regular basis to assess: • Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Fasting Blood Sugar levels at least every 2 years • BMI and waist circumference • Information on exercise and smoking cessation programs

  26. Risk Factor Management • Take any and all medication as prescribed!

  27. It shouldn’t be this hard to get you to see your doctor regularly!

  28. Risk Factor Management Eat a Healthy Diet of whole grains, fresh produce and lean protein • Read food labels!! • Look for Health Check symbol when shopping • Avoid processed foods high in sodium and fat • Avoid shopping in the aisles – stick to the ‘fresh’ foods around the store perimeter

  29. Dietary Intake Adults should consume 1500mg or less of sodium per day………… How much sodium is on your plate?

  30. Dietary Intake Which has more sodium?

  31. Dietary Intake • National guidelines recommend limiting sodium intake to a max of 1500mg per day

  32. Risk Factor Management • > 30 mins of moderate intensity physical activity every day or most days of the week *Check with your family physician before starting any exercise program*

  33. Alcohol • Sensibly & In Moderation • If you don’t already drink, don’t start for “health reasons” • If you do drink, avoid getting drunk or intoxicated • Wait at least one hour between drinks “Drinking beer doesn’t make you fat, it makes you lean…..against bars, tables, chairs and poles”

  34. Reduce Your Stress • Identify the source • Be physically active • Share your feelings • Take time for yourself • Make time to laugh • Eat well • Take your vacations

  35. Remember…. on the outside things may not be as they appear, but with a few simple changes you can impact your health

  36. Resources Alberta Provincial Stroke Strategy (APSS) • http://www.strokestrategy.ab.ca Canadian Stroke Strategy (CSS) • http://www.canadianstrokestrategy.ca/index_en.htm Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada • www.heartandstroke.ca Canadian Stroke Network (CSN) • www.canadianstrokenetwork.ca

  37. Stroke Program, Edmonton Area • Phone: 780-407-3041 • Email: strokeprogramedmontonarea@albertahealthservices.ca • Agnes Joyce (Acting Project Manager) • Nancy Rakowski (Admin Assistant) • Colleen Taralson, Chelsea Rogerson, Marion Fuchs, and Gail Elton-Smith (SSC’s) • Jacqueline Stoop, Linda Slater-Mclean, and Joanne Hodder (NP’s)

  38. Questions?

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