Teaching for Democracy: Collaborative Governance and Civil Political Discourse

1. Teaching for Democracy:Collaborative Governance and Civil Political Discourse Lisa Blomgren Bingham Keller-Runden Professor of Public Service Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs Bloomington, IN lbingham@indiana.edu

3. Nancy Thomas: Challenges to Democracy • Adversarial politics • Outdated systems of public problem solving • The tyranny of the minority • Highest levels of economic disparity since the 1920s and persistent patterns of inequality associated with race and gender • Disengaged citizenry • Everyday acts of intolerance and incivility

4. Overview • Public Service Values: • Do they include democratic values? Human rights? Participation in governance? • Curricula Elements • Practices for Civil Public Engagement and Political Discourse. • The Rule of Law and Legal Infrastructure • Transparent and Open Government • Resources

5. Democracy and Human Rights as Public Service Values • Standard 1.1 Mission Statement: the Program will have a statement of mission that guides performance expectations and their evaluation, including: • its purpose and public service values, given the program's particular emphasis on public affairs, administration, and policy …. • Are democratic values and human rights public service values? • Should we consider engaging the public in governance a public service value?

6. WHAT SHOULD WE TEACH? • National Summit on Building Civil Political Discourse • Civility resolutions adopted by American Bar Association, National League of Cities, and others • We need to teach public managers and future public officials about their roles in democracy: • Practices for Civil Public Engagement and Political Discourse. • The Rule of Law and Legal Infrastructure • Transparent and Open Government

7. 1. Practices for Civil Public Engagement & Political Discourse • Collaborative Governance: Decentralized, negotiated, and participatory relationships with those governed, • Silos of Practice: • Dialogue & Deliberation, Deliberative Democracy • Collaborative Public & Network Management • Dispute Resolution • For the Public: Broadly defined as citizens, stakeholders, and persons who are not citizens but subject to government jurisdiction

8. Example: AmericaSpeaks 21st Century Town Meeting • Scaled up policy dialogues – 5,000 people • 8-10 Participants at facilitated tables • Demographically representative sample • Handheld keypad voting and Theme Team • Preliminary report at end of day (www.americaspeaks.org)

9. Policy Continuum as a Stream • Upstream: Dialogue and Deliberation • Used more in process of making policy • Legislative or quasi-legislative • Midstream: Fourth Branch of Government so All of These • Used for implementation of policy • Collaborative public & network management • Downstream: Dispute Resolution • Used more in process of enforcing policy • Judicial or quasi-judicial

10. THE POLICY CONTINUUM & COLLABORATIVE OR NEW GOVERNANCE Upstream Midstream Downstream Legislative Quasi-legislative Making policy Quasi-judicial Judicial Enforcing Policy Implementing Policy Collaborative Public & Network Mgmt. Deliberative Democracy Dispute Resolution

11. 2. The Rule of Law and Legal Infrastructure for Democracy • E.g. US: Backdrop: Schecter Poultry and Delegation Doctrine • Administrative Procedure Act (APA 1946): Silent • Freedom of Information Act & Sunshine Act (1966): Passive Viewing • Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA 1972): Limiting Collaboration • Administrative Dispute Resolution Act (ADRA 1996): Authorizing Dispute Resolution • Negotiated Rulemaking Act (NRA 1996): Authorizing one form of network • E-Government Act (2002): Uses word “collaboration”

12. AN OUTDATED LEGAL INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ENGAGEMENT Upstream Midstream Downstream Quasi-legislative Making policy Public Management Implementing Policy Quasi-judicial Enforcing Policy APA Rulemaking & Adjudication NRA ADRA FACA Public Participation Statutes

13. 3. Transparent and Open Government • Open Government Initiative • Executive Memorandum on Transparent and Open Government (Jan. 2009) requires transparency, participation, collaboration • Open Government Directive (Dec. 2009) • www.data.gov, www.apps.gov, • Agencies adopted Open Government Plans • Agency OG 2.0 Plans concentrating on varieties of online public engagement and collaboration

14. OG 2.0: Agency Public Engagement Activities

15. The Democracy Imperative: Embedding civic learning and engagement in democracy across the curriculum Conflict Resolution Leadership Education Intergroup Dialogue Communication Education Political Science Public Administration Social Justice and Peace Studies Cultural Studies

16. Curricula Resources • THE DEMOCRACY IMPERATIVE (TDI) Moving to Tufts from UNH • SYLLABI REPOSITORY: http://www.unh.edu/democracy/repository.html • NATIONAL COALITION FOR DIALOGUE AND DELIBERATION: WWW.NCDD.ORG • VIDEOS ON YOUTUBE.COM – See Sandy Heierbacher’s Youtube channel • http://www.youtube.com/user/sheierbacher?feature=results_main • INSTITUTE FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT: Guides and Resources • Public Engagement Guide Library http://www.ca-ilg.org/post/public-engagement-guides-and-resources-other-organizations • Local Government Resources http://www.ca-ilg.org/post/public-engagement-whitepapers-tip-sheets-and-pamphlets • NATIONAL LEAGUE OF CITIES DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE • http://www.nlc.org/find-city-solutions/center-for-research-and-innovation/governance-and-civic-engagement/democratic-governance-and-civic-engagement • DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY CONSORTIUM: • WWW.DELIBERATIVE-DEMOCRACY.NET