1 / 9

Nuclear Radiation

Nuclear Radiation. Reference chapter: 22. Some nuclei are unstable. They can change into isotopes or different elements. Types of nuclear radiation : alpha particles, beta-particles, gamma rays. Heading Vocabulary Important Facts. Alpha Particles (a).

wyome
Download Presentation

Nuclear Radiation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nuclear Radiation Reference chapter: 22 • Some nuclei are unstable. • They can change into isotopes or different elements. • Types of nuclear radiation: alpha particles, beta-particles, gamma rays Heading Vocabulary Important Facts

  2. Alpha Particles (a) • Alpha particlesare made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. • (+)positively charged • Massive • Barely pass through a sheet of paper. • Remove electrons from matter as it passes through. (ionize)

  3. Beta Particles (ß) • Beta particles are formed from break down of a nucleus into 1 e- and 1 proton. • (-) negatively charged • Fast-moving electrons • The e- is thrown from nucleus. • Faster than alpha particles • Stopped by a thin sheet of metal • Ionize other atoms

  4. Gamma rays (γ) • than light or X-rays Electromagnetic energy stronger with higher frequency and lower wavelength • No charge so they do not ionize • cause damage because of high energy. • Concrete or 1.5 cm of lead can stop it from traveling through Left page IN:100 Sketch alpha, beta & gamma decay pictures & the chart beneath the pictures

  5. Half Life The half life of sodium-25 is 1 minute. How much of a 100 g sample of Na-25 would be left after 1 minute? How much would be left after 2 minutes? • Time it takes for ½ of the substance to decay. • Different half-lives for different isotopes • Can be used to predict how old something is.

  6. More Nuclear Decay Nuclear Forces • Nuclei with too many or too few neutrons are unstable and become radioactive. • More than 83 protons-always unstable, decay • Stability depends on the force that holds the nucleus together. • Acts between protons and neutrons. • Causes them to attract. • Only happens over a short distance.

  7. Fission vs Fusion • Fission is the breaking down of a nucleus • Fission can start chain reactions • Fusion is combining nuclei • Both release a ton of energy

  8. Radiation in our world Helpful radiation • Can be natural-soil, sun, water, plants • Our sun emits solar radiation • Can actually change DNA and cause birth defects • Smoke alarms • Treat cancer • Tracers in medicine • Tracers in geology • Nuclear power-fission

  9. Left Page Assignment IN: 102 • Make a drawing of fission and fusion. • Fission is the breaking down of the nucleus. • Fusion is the combining of nuclei. • Draw what you think each of these would look like. Make sure to label them. • Make a Venn Diagram Comparing & Contrasting them on the bottom half of page 102. Fusion 1 Difference Comparison 1 similarity Fission 1 Difference

More Related