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World War II

World War II. Americans at War: 1941-1945. Mobilization of People. Selective Training and Service Act (1940) Reasons for war - The Four Freedoms speech “G.I.s” - Government Issue = Soldiers, sailors, airmen nickname for themselves

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World War II

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  1. World War II Americans at War: 1941-1945

  2. Mobilization of People • Selective Training and Service Act (1940) • Reasons for war - The Four Freedoms speech • “G.I.s” - Government Issue = Soldiers, sailors, airmen nickname for themselves • Ethnic/racial diversity in Military Service, Women in Military Service

  3. The DRAFT • All males 21-36 to register for military service • $2 billion to $10 billion in military spending • First peace time Military DRAFT in US

  4. From Want The Four Freedoms - Norman Rockwell From Fear Speech Worship

  5. The Four Freedoms • Speech given by FDR, Jan 6, 1941 • Outlined fundamental reasons and ideals to define what we would fight for.

  6. The Soldiers • 16,000,000 served • Fought for a “cherished way of life” • Fought to preserve freedom • 300,000+ died • Called “The Greatest Generation” • Book by Tom Brokaw (NBC News)

  7. A B-17 Crew “Somewhere in England” (p. 748)

  8. Preparation of the Economy • War Production • Work Force • Financing - Paying for the War

  9. PREPARING FOR WORLD WAR 2

  10. War Production • The U.S. became the ‘Arsenal of Democracy’ • Ended the Great Depression • War Production Board (1942) • Converted peacetime industries to wartime • Set priorities and allocated raw materials • Office of War Mobilization • Centralized resources

  11. Map 25.5: The Home Front

  12. WORLD WAR 2 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION

  13. U.S. Wartime Production: 1 1941 1942 1943 1944 1941 1942 1943 1944

  14. U.S. Wartime Production: 2

  15. U.S. Wartime Production: 3 1941 1942 1943 1944 1941 1942 1943 1944

  16. The Work Force • Women joined workforce • Blacks migrated to big cities and west coast for jobs • Union membership increased

  17. World War 2 Posters

  18. WORLD WAR 2 SHIPBUILDING

  19. WORLD WAR 2 SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES

  20. Financing The War • Government borrowed: War Bonds • GNP doubled • Deficit spending soared

  21. War Bonds

  22. WORLD WAR 2 WAR BONDS

  23. Daily life in America during the War • Most people had a relative or friend in the military • War new followed closely on radio and in newspapers • Shortages, Controls, Rationing to help in the war effort • Popular Culture -flourished and also supported the war effort

  24. Shortages - Recycling • Metal, rubber, nylon used to manufacture military goods. • Scrap metal and tires collected and recycled

  25. Food Shortages • Office of Price Administration (OPA) • Government agency during World War II) • Controlled inflation • Rationing of scarce items: sugar, coffee, meat, butter, shoes, gasoline, etc.

  26. Rationing Books during WW II

  27. Food Rationing info - WW II

  28. WORLD WAR 2 RATIONING, ETC.

  29. Public Support: Victory Gardens • Enlisted public support • Families encouraged to grow their own food • Families encouraged to can their own food.

  30. Victory Gardens

  31. Victory Gardens

  32. Other War-time slogans and efforts • “Conserve and Collect” • “Play your Part” • Night time “blackouts” Public support approached 95-100% of the population during the War years.

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