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Intro movie

Intro movie. Intermolecular Forces. Attractive forces between molecules Determine phase at room temperature 3 kinds: Dispersion Dipole-dipole Hydrogen bonding Much weaker than forces within a molecule. Intramolecular Force – forces within a molecule.

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Intro movie

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Intro movie

  2. Intermolecular Forces • Attractive forces between molecules • Determine phase at room temperature • 3 kinds: • Dispersion • Dipole-dipole • Hydrogen bonding • Much weaker than forces within a molecule

  3. Intramolecular Force – forces within a molecule • A chemical bond is the force that holds two atoms together • Due to electrostatic forces (charges) • Bonding: 1. ionic bonding: metals and nonmetals 2. covalent bonding: nonmetals and nonmetals 3. metallic bonding: metals and metals

  4. So why do atoms bond?! • Atoms attain a stable valence electron configuration by bonding with atoms. • All atoms want to be like Noble Gases because they have a stable valance electron configuration (a full octet)

  5. What Noble Gases tell us: • Do not form compounds under ordinary conditions • = extremely stable • 8 valence electrons = great stability • also low energy!

  6. Octet Rule: Why Bonds Form • Goal: achieve noble gas electron config. - want 8 valence electrons (H wants a total of 2) Why: Low energy, high stability state How: Atoms form bonds by: • gaining • losing, or • sharing electrons

  7. Energy & Stability High Energy means Low Stability Low Energy means High Stability

  8. Stability in Chemical Systems • If it exists, its stable! • Of course, some things are more stable than others!

  9. Quick Quiz • Elements in the same column have the same ____________________________. number of valence electrons • Elements with the same number of valence electrons have similar _____________________________. chemical properties

  10. 3 Types of Bonding • Ionic: electrons are transferred • Covalent: electrons are shared • Metallic: “sea of mobileelectrons”

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