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MEMB113 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Contents. Outcomes of today's lectureOverviewSketchingEngineering graphics

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MEMB113 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

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    1. MEMB113 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS Engineering Graphics & Sketching

    2. Contents Outcomes of today’s lecture Overview Sketching Engineering graphics & manual drawing Drawing tools Drawing sheets and layout Lettering Lines Scale Abbreviations

    3. Outcomes of today’s lecture Able to explain: The used & importance of engineering graphics Basic sketching techniques Common standard and guidelines used in technical drawing

    4. Overview Engineering graphics communication involves the use of visual material to convey technical ideas and problem solutions. Engineering or technical drawing – one of the most widely used method. Definition of drawing: A graphic representation of an idea, concept or an entity which actually or potentially exists in life.

    5. Overview Importance: A way of communication between engineers at all stages of the design & problem solving from initial ideas, design, analysis & manufacturing. For Visualisation, Communication and Documentation

    6. Overview Types of drawing : artistic technical Illustrations rendering

    7. Overview Examples of different drawing types

    8. Sketching

    9. Sketching 3 methods of creating technical drawings Freehand, mechanical & digital Technical sketching is the process of producing a rough preliminary drawing representing the main features of a product or structure Normally done by freehand, generally less finished, less structured/ restricted, & take less time to produce

    10. Sketching Technical sketches Used extensively in the first stage of design process to visualise or convey ideas An informal tool used by everyone involved in the design & manufacture of a product

    11. Sketching Sketching tool Paper, pencils, eraser Sketching technique e.g. Straight line sketch Circle & arc Component (proportional sketch) Pictorial sketch In sketching, proportionality is important. Even though it is a freehand sketch, the lines should be relatively sharp and straight for a good quality sketch.

    12. Sketching Sketching straight line

    13. Sketching Sketching circle

    14. Sketching Multi-view and pictorial sketches

    16. Technical Illustrations in the 21st Century The needs for technical illustrations and technical illustrators are increasing due to various factors including warranty issues demanding higher-quality documentations.

    17. Illustrations versus Drawings A technical drawing is used for designing and manufacturing a machine. It is always a scale representation of a unit or part, providing views that are needed to furnish an accurate visual description. In technical drawings, even the smallest detail must be defined precisely to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous. Technical illustrations are in many ways the exact opposite since they have a completely different purpose. The intention is to depict a part in such a way that it is quickly and clearly recognizable. In a technical illustration, less is often more, in that less detail will make the picture more understandable.

    18. Example

    20. Example

    21. Engineering Graphics & Manual Drawing

    22. Engineering graphics Drawings are widely used in engineering applications: manufacturing, design, structural, electrical, etc. Standards and conventions To ensure everybody using the same method Commonly used: ANSI, ASME, ISO, JIS, MS, DIN, BS What will you learn Producing engineering drawings Interpreting engineering drawings Graphics theory, visualization, standards, conventions, Applications, etc.

    23. Engineering graphics E.g. Anatomy of a technical drawing

    24. Drawing layout One of the important aspect in technical drawing is the layout What is drawing layout? Example of engineering drawing with layout Paper size ‘Components’ of a layout Title block Our layout

    25. Drawing layout Drawing layout is the standard template and components of a drawing E.g.

    26. Drawing layout Drawing sheets – paper sizes Usually based on 'A' series Drawing sheets material - paper, linen, plastic film Drawing sheet layout Sheet frames or border Usually 20mm for A0 & A1, 10mm for others Title block or title frame Represents general information source for a drawing Usually at bottom right-hand corner

    27. Paper size – additional info

    28. Paper size – additional info

    31. Drawing layout - components

    32. Drawing layout – title block A title block is the form on which the actual drawing is a section. The title block includes the border and the various sections for providing quality, administrative and technical information.   The importance of the title block cannot be minimised as it includes all the information which enables the drawing to be intepreted, identified and archived. E.g.

    33. Drawing layout - title block A title block is the form on which the actual drawing is a section. The title block includes the border and the various sections for providing quality, administrative and technical information.   The importance of the title block cannot be minimised as it includes all the information which enables the drawing to be intepreted, identified and archived. The title should include sufficient information to identify the type of drawing e.g general arrangement, or detail. It should also clearly describe in a precise way what the drawing portrays The basic requirements for a title block located at the bottom right hand corner of a drawing are The registration or ID number The drawing title The Legal Owner of the Drawing These items should be written in a rectangle which is at the most 170mm wide. The tile block should also include boxes for the legal signatures of the originator and other persons involved production of the drawing to the required quality. The drawing should also include a symbol identifying the projection. The main scale and the linear dimension units if other than "mm".

    34. Our layout

    35. Example: Title block

    36. Lettering Text is an important part of a technical drawing. Not all info required on technical dwg can be communicate graphically such as dimensions. One method of creating text is by freehand lettering. The standard style for freehand lettering is single-stroke Gothic lettering.

    37. Lettering Characteristic of good lettering Should be neat, not sloppy Should be uniform and consistent i.e. same height, proportion & inclination – use guidelines Should have proper spacing of letters and words Should not contain unnecessary frills Should use capital letters except for standard abbreviation e.g. mm, kg Recommended minimum height 2.5mm Recommended height 5mm to 7mm Underlining of lettering should be avoided

    38. Lines Different line types for different purposes - to ensure drawing to be read quickly & accurately Types of lines and thickness of line Commonly used line types & thickness:

    39. Lines

    40. Scale What does it mean? Scale indicates the relative size of the drawing object with the real object Scale used should always be stated on drawing – a very important info that is usually written in the title block. 'do not scale' / 'not to scale‘ / NTS – the drawing is not drawn to a certain scale Recommended scale 1:1 for full size for greater than full size 2:1 for twice full size 10:1 for ten times full size for reduced size 1:2 for half full size 1:10 for tenth full size other common scale 1:5, 1:20, 1:50, 1:100, 1:500 etc.

    41. Abbreviations

    42. Conclusions What has been covered today: Different types of drawing Sketching techniques Drawing layout & title block Lettering Lines Scale Exercise

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