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BUS LINES

BUS LINES. Provide data pathways that connect various system components. . Definition of Bus lines. Also known as buses Connects the parts of the CPU to each other.

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BUS LINES

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  1. BUS LINES Provide data pathways that connect various system components.

  2. Definition of Bus lines • Also known as buses • Connects the parts of the CPU to each other. • Buses are used to transfer bits from input devices to memory, from memory to the CPU, from the CPU to memory, and from memory to output or storage devices. • All buses consist of two parts; i) data bus ii) address bus

  3. --- - Data Bus measured by its size. • The size of a bus called bus width, which is determines the number of bits that can be transmitted at one time. Example: A 32-bit bus can transmit 32 bits (four bytes) at a time. On a 64-bit bus, bits are transmitted from one location to another 64 bits (eight bytes) at a time. - The larger the number of bits handled by the bus, the faster the computer transfers data.

  4. Highway analogy: - Assume that one lane on a highway can carry one bit. A 32-bit bus, then, is like a 32-lane highway; and a 64-bit bus is like an 64-lane highway.

  5. Types of Buses • System bus • Connects the CPU to main memory on the system board • Expansion bus - Allows the CPU to communicate with peripheral devices. • Types of expansion buses: ISA, PCI, AGP, USB, and HPSB

  6. Types of expansion buses • ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) • The most common and slowest expansion bus. • A mouse, modem cad, sound card, and low speed network card are examples of devices connect to ISA bus. b) PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) • The PCI bus transfers data about 20 times faster than ISA bus. • Most computer today have PCI bus • PCI buses was designed to meet the video demands of graphical user interfaces.

  7. --- C) AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) • Designed by Intel to improve the speed of 3-D graphics and video performance • AGP is twice as fast as the PCI bus. • AGP is replacing The PCI bus for the transfer of video data. d) USB (Universal Serial Bus) • USB is a bus that eliminate the need to install expansion cards into expansion slots. • USB combines with PCI bus on the system board to support several external devices without using expansion slots or cards.

  8. --- • External USB devices are connected from one to another and then onto the USB bus. The USB bus then connects to the PCI bus on the motherboard. • USB 1.1 – over twice faster than AGP bus. • USB 2.0 – 40 times faster than USB 1.1

  9. --- e) FireWire buses • Also known as high performance serial bus (HPSB). • Operate much like USB buses and perform at speeds comparable to USB 2.0. • Fire Wire and USB 2.0 buses are used for special applications that provide support for digital camcorders and video editing software.

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