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Technology of Semantic Structuring of the Digital Library Content

Technology of Semantic Structuring of the Digital Library Content. III JINR /CERN School of Information Technology on GRID and Advanced Information Systems. I.Filozova JINR, Dubna JINR (DUBNA), MAY 1 8, 201 2. Contents. Current Trends P roblematic S ituation Research Lines

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Technology of Semantic Structuring of the Digital Library Content

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  1. Technology of Semantic Structuring of the Digital Library Content III JINR/CERN School of Information Technology on GRID and Advanced Information Systems I.Filozova JINR, Dubna JINR (DUBNA), MAY18, 2012

  2. Contents Current Trends Problematic Situation Research Lines Realization Ideas QA-System on the Logic-Semantic Network Basis Summary

  3. CURRENT TRENDS • Traditional Publishing  Digital Archive-based approach; • Accumulation by the scientific community the expansivedigital informationarrays→ content integration on the metadata level → common Data and Information Spaces; • The growth number of institutional repositories in the open accessform. Repositories Number — 2 900 Records Number ~ 40,000,000 according to ROAR statistics (ROAR - http://roar.eprints.org)

  4. HOW TO FIND

  5. PROBLEMATIC SITUATION CREATION OF the EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS FOR the ANSWERS SEARCH TO QUESTIONS IN the DIGITAL INFORMATION FUNDS – ACTUAL PROBLEM DIGITAL INFORMATION FUND (INFORMATION SOURCERS) INFORMATION LAWS FIND the INFORMATION (INFORMATION SOURCE AND/ORINFORMATION ITSELF) ANSWERS SET (QV) QUESTION (V) PERTINENCE (P) QV= QVR U QVN P = ? METHODSANDMECHANISMSFOR EFFECTIVE SEARCH(SEACRH TECHNOLOGY)

  6. RESEARCHLINES • Development of the method and mechanism for effective search of the set of the relevantanswers to the questions. • Technology development for the formation and supportof the catalog serviceof the information fund for providing an efficient search of the answers to the questions. • Software developmentcataloguer workstation for the structuring of the information fund.

  7. REALIZATION IDEAS OF RESEARCH LINES

  8. The method basisis a way to describe the scientific and technical information by set of logic-semantic networksQuestion-Answer-Reaction (LSN QAR). The basis for the search engineare: • motion way along  LSN, controlled by the user; • choice of  LSN  nodes (questions or answers) based on an ontological model of user question. The basis of the technology is a way of the description of the subject domain by set of the logic-semantic networks "Question-Answer-Reaction. Mechanism of technology is a workstation of the cataloguer (developer LSN QAR)

  9. Cognitive Function of the Question Cognitive Indeterminacy Question UNKNOWN Question a thought queryas the interrogativesentence. Answer a realization of the cognitive function of the question asa new obtained judgment. TO DEVELOP THE KNOWLEDGE(TO EXTEND, TOPRODUCE A NEW) TO REFINETHE KNOWLEDGE TOSUPPLEMENT THE KNOWLEDGE KNOWN

  10. Process of Asking Questions and SearchAnswers The Object and  Subject of Research Search Scope Ask Question Datum Question Question Answer Technology of Question Asking Find Answer Conformity Rules Search Technology Set Adequacy Question - Answer Answer Technology of Conformity Setting

  11. Formal Structure of Question and Answer The logical structure of the question (Q): QUESTION = {QUESTIONTHEME (QT), QUESTION CONTENT (QC), QUESTION VOLUME (QV)} The logical structure of the answer (A): ANSWER = {ANSWER THEME (AT), ANSWER CONTENT (AC), ANSWER VOLUME (AV)} The logical structure of the reaction (R): REACTION= {REACTION THEME (RT), REACTION CONTENT (RC), REACTION VOLUME (RV)}

  12. Formal Relationship betweenQuestion and Answer Question and Answer forms a consistent system if: • Question theme is identical with the answer theme; • The answer content is not more than question content (the number of key terms in the question is not less than the number of key terms in the answer and the intersection of the setof the question terms  and a set of the answer terms is not empty); • The question volume  is not less than the answer volume (setof the answersto the questionon the datum questionmore than a set of  theanswersin the search scope).

  13. Logic-Semantic NetworkQuestion-Answer-Reaction Logic-semantic network a setof the questions, answers and  relationships between them formingan uniform system. Questionquery expressed inthe question statement aimed at thedevelopment, refinement or supplement of the knowledge. Answer a realization the cognitive function of the question in the form of the new obtained judgment.  Answer must be built in accordance with the content and structure of the asked question. Only in this case, the answer is regarded asrelevant. Reaction   a semantic description of the question and answer.Types of reactions:1. Question Reaction a description of the datum question (to understand the enviroment and causes of the question and to establish the semantic adequacy  with the answer scope).2. Answer Reaction adescription  of theanswer scope (to understand the question semantics andrelationship with answer).

  14. Reaction Example (1) Logical unitQuestion-Answer-Reaction: Question 1 (Q1). What is a JAVA? Question 1 Reaction 1 (QR11).With respect pronunciation formed two different standards - borrowed from the English / dʒɑ:və / and traditional «Ява» (on russian), corresponding to the traditional pronunciation ofthe Java name island. Question 1 Reaction 2 (QR12). Java (Indonesian: Jawa) is an islandof  Indonesia with a population of 135 million.Square  132 000 k2… Question 1 Reaction 3 (QR13). Slide show, photo-collage with the views of Javaisland.

  15. Reaction Example (2) Answer 1 to Question 1 (A11). Java – an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. Reaction 1 of the Answer 1 to the Question 1 (RA11). Why is the language calledJAVA?  There is a version that language got its name from coffee grown on the same island. As you know, this drink is hot like some programmers.  Therefore, a cup of steaming coffee is displayed on logo.

  16. Reaction Example (3) Reaction 2 of the Answer 1 to the Question 1 (R2A11). Sun Microsystems, Inc (now part of Oracle Corporation) — U.S. company that produces software and hardware… Answer 2 to Question 1. Java —  not only the language itself, but also a platform for development and execution of the applications based on this language.

  17. LSN Integrity • Set of "Question-Answer-Reaction" refers to a particular subject domain; • Set of "Question-Answer-Reaction" is hierarchically ordered by the principle"from general to particular"; • Questionsare placed on an odd level of the hierarchy;Answers  on an even level; • Questions on the i-th level are related only with the answers i +1-th level; • Questions i +1- th level may be related with the answers  of i-th level; • Question i-th level semantically related with the answers i +1- th level, if it satisfies the criteria 'A' or 'B'. In the case of satisfying criteria 'A', there is a terminal vertex, and in the case of satisfaction criteria of 'B' from this answerare followed the questions i +2- th level; • Questions that explainedby i = 2-levelanswers (partially or completely covering the subject domain) are placed on the i = 1-th level; • Questions that supplement and refine the  i = 2 level answers are placed on the i = 3-rd level.

  18. R10 Q10 1 3 2 R23 R21 A21 A22 A23 6 8 10 4 5 7 9 Q32 Q33 Q34 Q31 12 14 15 13 17 16 11 A42 A43 A41 Graph LSN QAR

  19. Formal View of Subject Domain Subject domain area of scientific and practical manactivity, characterized by the object and subject of study.Subject of researchproblems and tasks associated with the object. SD – Name of the subject domain, Tmi – Name of the i-ththemesubject domain, LSNij – Name of the j-thLSNin the i-ththeme. Thensubject domain is presented as:

  20. Navigation on LSN R10 Q10 1 3 2 R23 R21 A21 A22 A23 6 8 10 4 5 7 9 Q31 Q32 Q33 Q34 12 14 15 13 17 16 11 A42 A43 A41

  21. Analysis Method of Scientific Texts The document is studied by the expert in terms of: • Semantic matching title and content; • Set of filters:Filter 1 (F1) - General Part. F1 includes an analysis of the problem, its history, overview, topicality.Filter 2 (F2) - Author concept. F2 includes new terms introduced by the authors, traditional terms with the author's interpretation, the narrowing semantics.Filter 3 (F3) - Examples and illustrations. To clarify difficult places in the text,reduce the text size under stringent restrictions on the volume.Filter 4 (F4) - The idea of the author. Describes and explains the author's main idea. • Formulation of the basic questions, that corresponds to the text.

  22. Example of the Scientific Text Markup Belaga V.V., Semchukov P.D., Stetsenko M.S. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGINE FOR MULTIMEDIA EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE // “System analisys in the science and education”, International University nature, society and man «Dubna». — 2009, issue.2. —http://www.sanse.ru/archive/11 (on russian)

  23. Markup Fragment Hypotheses: H1: О технологии проектирования программной оболочки (ТППО). H2: В ТППО отмечаются ее особенности, связанные со спецификой образовательных ресурсов. H3: В работе рассматривается структура программной оболочки и стадии ее реализации. . . . P5.F. Author idea S5. Данная работа имеет целью рассмотрениетехнической стороны задача создания мультимедийного образовательного продукт. Q1. В чем состоит цель данной работы? RQ1={P1#1;P2#2} A1. Цель работы - рассмотрение технической стороны процесса мультимедийного образовательного продукта P5.#5 RA1=P3#3;P4#4 P6. F. Examples and illustrations S6. Представлена модель процесса обучения по стандарту IEEE P1484. (рис. 1). P7. F. General part S7. Рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на качество образования.

  24. MultilayerRelated Set of Graphs

  25. LSN + Visualisation topicality

  26. Summary • It’s proposed: • "Catalog Service" creation and  support for the funds-corpuses, • Question-Answer Navigator creation that provides such features: - the ability of the refinement and deepening of the understanding the question meaning; - the ability of the refining, deepening, expansion of the knowledge or the obtaining a new knowledge during the answer to question search process. • Realization of such "Catalog Service" and Navigator allows to study the DL content by the natural mode for the human: refinement, generalization and obtaining a new knowledge  ̶ question-answer mode. • The main problem of the proposed question-answer system is a maximalautomation of the process of the creation and support of  the fund "service catalog".

  27. Even the most foolish idea can be implementedmasterfully.  Leszek Kumor

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