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Paddock Layout and Design

Paddock Layout and Design. Before Building Fence. Guideline #1: Flexibility. Before Building Fence. Guideline #1: Flexibility Guideline #2: Walk pastures and use maps. Before Building Fence. Guideline #1: Flexibility Guideline #2: Walk pastures and use maps

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Paddock Layout and Design

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  1. Paddock Layout and Design

  2. Before Building Fence Guideline #1: Flexibility

  3. Before Building Fence Guideline #1: Flexibility Guideline #2: Walk pastures and use maps

  4. Before Building Fence Guideline #1: Flexibility Guideline #2: Walk pastures and use maps Guideline #3: Have at least 11 paddocks

  5. Paddock Layout Design Fixed or Flexible

  6. Before Building Fence Guideline #4: Use a psychological barrier Perimeter:Good perimeter fence Internal: Low cost electric Train: Stocker cattle

  7. Before Building Fence Guideline #4: Use a psychological barrier Perimeter: Good perimeter fence Internal: Low cost electric Train: Stocker cattle Guideline #5: Similar paddock production, not size

  8. Uniform Production is Key! • Each Paddock in the System should contain enough land to produce Approximately the same forage DM (Dry Matter) • varying soil types • paddock size • productive capabilities • forage species

  9. Before Building Fence Guideline #6: Fence with the contour of the land

  10. Before Building Fence Guideline #6: Fence with the contour of the land Guideline #7: Walkways on higher, drier soils

  11. Before Building Fence Guideline #8: Limit access to streams

  12. Before Building Fence Guideline #8: Limit access to streams Guideline #9: Plan now for water supply

  13. Before Building Fence Guideline #8: Limit access to streams Guideline #9: Plan now for water supply Guideline #10: Plan for access to emergency areas for drought, floods and mud

  14. Number of Paddocks in System • As the # of Paddocks increases the level of Management also increase! • The length of Grazing period should be…SHORT • Move Livestock Before Grazed Plants Regrow • Vary by season • 2 - 3 days -- Spring • 4 - 5 days -- Summer

  15. Paddock Size VS. Grazing pressure(livestock # & weight) • # of Paddocks is determined by Grazing pressure…Which will affect Paddock Size • Small enough to be Grazed Before Regrowth • No Ideal number…11 often used in 3 day systems giving 30 days of Rest (works well for legumes)

  16. Paddock Layout • Square Paddocks -- as near as possible • uniform grazing • lower fence cost/acre • Wagon wheel designs are the Poorest • poor utilization • poor manure distribution • Increased fencing cost

  17. How Many Paddocks Are Needed • No. of paddocks = Days rest + 1 Days grazing • 15 day rest/ 3 days grazing = 6 paddocks • 15 day rest/ 5 days grazing = 4 paddocks • 30 day rest/ 3 days grazing = 11 paddocks • 44 day rest/4 days grazing = 12 paddocks

  18. How Big Should the Paddocks Be ?

  19. What You Need to Know: 1) Amount of feed animal needs from pasture = [(A X B) - C] X D A = Total body weight of all animals B = DM requirements per day Beef & Sheep - 2.5% - 3% of body weight Dairy - 3.5% - 4% of body weight C = Supplemental feeds (silage, hay, grain) D = Length of grazing period

  20. What You Need to Know: 2) Available forage from the pasture = [(D - E) X F] X G D = Forage height in paddock E = Remaining stubble F = DM yield per acre Range - 100 - 500 pounds of DM per inch of growth per acre G = Utilization rate (75% - 90%)

  21. Beef Example: [(37,500# X 3%) - 0] X 1day = 1,125 pounds of dry matter (DM) needed A = 30 beef cows @ 1250 pounds each = 37,500 pounds of body weight B = DM requirement/day 3% C = 0 = No supplemental feed D = 1 = One day paddock

  22. Beef Example (cont.): [(8” - 3”) X 300#] X 75% = 1,125 # available DM D = Pasture at 8” tall E = 3” remaining stubble F = 300# DM G = Utilization rate 75% (25% wastage)

  23. Beef Example (cont.): Therefore, 1 acre with 1,125# of available DM will supply the DM requirements of the 30 cows for one day.

  24. Dairy Example: [(135,000# X 4%) - 1800#] X 0.5 days = 1,800# dry matter (DM) needed for 1/2 day paddock A = 100 dairy cows @ 1350# each = 135,000 pounds of body weight B = DM requirement/day 4% C = 1800# grain mix D = 0.5 = One half day per paddock

  25. Dairy Example (cont.): [(8” - 3”) X 300#] X 85% = 1,275 # available DM D = Pasture at 8” tall E = 3” remaining stubble F = 300# DM G = Utilization rate 85% (15% wastage)

  26. Dairy Example (cont.): Therefore, approximately 1.5 acres with 1,275# of available DM will supply the forage requirements of the 100 dairy cattle for half a day.

  27. Sheep Example: [(37,500# X 3%) - 0#] X 1 day = 1,125# dry matter (DM) needed A = 250 ewes @ 150# each = 37,500 pounds of body weight B = DM requirement/day 3% C = 0 = No supplemental feed D = 1 = One day per paddock

  28. Sheep Example (cont.): [(8” - 3”) X 300#] X 75% = 1,125 # available DM D = Pasture at 8” tall E = 3” remaining stubble F = 300# DM G = Utilization rate 75% (25% wastage)

  29. Sheep Example (cont.): Therefore, 1 acre with 1,125# of available DM will supply the DM requirements of the 250 ewes for one day.

  30. Case Farm - Existing 114 acres

  31. Case Farm - Intermediate Plan 6 areas

  32. Case Farm - Final Plan 10 paddocks and flexible hay grazing area

  33. Safety First!!!!! Call Before You Dig!!! 1 - 800 - 362 - 2764

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