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The Mobility of Population and the Residential Structure in an Area with less employment opportunity in China: A Case Study of Fushun City, Liaoning Province ABE Yasuhisa (Hiroshima Kokusai Gakuin University), ZHENG Nan (Chubu Gakuin University). The motive of the study
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The Mobility of Population and the Residential Structure in an Area with less employment opportunity in China: A Case Study of Fushun City, Liaoning ProvinceABE Yasuhisa (Hiroshima Kokusai Gakuin University), ZHENG Nan (Chubu Gakuin University)
The motive of the study ・・・The first author had been studied in northeast of China.
The northeast of China ① Has many state-owned companies. ② Since the latter half of 1990s these companies have had financial difficulties →Many people working for these companies have been laid off or dismissed.
As a result → Most of them have become “the unemployed” or “the underemployed” (part-time or temporary workers) →So,we call this area “the area with underprivileged working conditions” or “the area with less employment opportunities”
So, At first, we supposed ・・・a lot of people living in the city out-migrated to other cities in the coastal regions and they sent remittances to their families. → But，this hypothesis was not right.
In reality,over 90％ of people living in the study area did not send their family members to other cities in the coastal regions. →We had interest in this reason.
The purpose of this report is・・・ ① To clarify the residential mobility of a local city in the northeast of China. ②To clarify the residential structure in that city （In this paper, the residential structure means how close people in the city live with their relatives and how people get support from them）.
Study area ・・・ Fushun City, local city of Liaoning Province in the northeast of China
Dismissed workers changed job into service sector
The heavy and chemical industries in Fushun
The method → Carried out questionnaires survey in the wards of the Fushun city . ① Chose 30 social communities in the way of probability proportionate sampling. ② Chose 45 inhabitants born in the 1940s and 1950s and collected data. ③ The number of available answers was 1,002, 74.2％, out of 1,350 delivered questionnaires． ④ The outline of the result is as follows．
Table 8 → shows residence of their parents, children and the closest siblings of each group. Table 9 → shows frequency counts of seeing their parents, children and the closest siblings of each group.
The result of this report □ Less than 10％ of all the surveyed families have their members working outside of the city. □ Moreover, Even in the families of “the unemployed and the underemployed” only less than 10％ of them have sent their family members for out-migration.
□The reason for the above ①The restriction of family register system ②Little information, funds nor connection to work in big cities in China or other countries are available to workers.
□ So many of them live with their parents or relatives, or live in their neighborhood, getting some support from them to make their living. □ Even the families that have their members working out of the city have less possibility to get remittances from them →because they can be only engaged in informal sectorsand get lower income.
□ There is concern that the vicious circle of yielding unemployment ending up in chronic poverty passed on generation to generation may be brought about. □ It could be said → some measures should be taken to develop social benefits such as unemployment insurance.
