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SUPERSIZING Our Children

SUPERSIZING Our Children. Childhood Obesity. Objectives. Describe the problem of overweight in 2-to 5-year-old children List the possible consequences of being overweight as a young child

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SUPERSIZING Our Children

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  1. SUPERSIZINGOur Children Childhood Obesity

  2. Objectives • Describe the problem of overweight in 2-to 5-year-old children • List the possible consequences of being overweight as a young child • Describe the role of the child care environment and of child care staff in helping to prevent overweight in children • List some ways in which their child care facility can help children eat healthier and get more activity

  3. Obesity in America

  4. No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30% Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS,1990, 1998, 2006 (*BMI 30, or about 30 lbs. overweight for 5’4” person) 1998 1990 2006 Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.

  5. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2009 (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30% Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC

  6. Obesity Is Caused by Long-Term Positive Energy Balance FatStores Energy Expenditure Energy Intake

  7. Body Mass Index (BMI) is the standard measurement of overweight and obesity • Overweight is defined as a BMI of 25-30 • Obesity is defined as a BMI ≥30 • ~ 31% of American adults meet the criterion for obesity - about 59 million American adults • More than 64% of the US adult population have a BMI ≥ 25 SOURCE: http://www.obesity.org/subs/fastfacts/aoafactsheets.shtml

  8. More than half of Utah adults are overweight or obese (59.4%) • The percentage of obese adults in Utah has doubled since 1989 (a 136% increase) • Only 23% eat fruits and vegetables at least five times a day • 20% report no leisure time physical activity in the past month SOURCE: www.cdc.gov

  9. 11% of Utah youth (9th–12th graders) are overweight; another 9% are obese • Only 48% meet physical activity recommendation levels • Only 18% eat fruits and vegetables five or more times a day • Nearly 17% drink at least one non-diet soda each day • 18% watch three or more hours of television each day SOURCE: www.cdc.gov

  10. Obesity affects the economy COSTS: -- U.S.: $150 billion per year -- $1400 per person per year -- Utah: $393 million per year • Medical costs associated with overweight and obesity may involve direct and indirect costs SOURCE: www.cdc.gov

  11. What Factors Affect Obesity? • Biology • Genes • Behaviors • Diet • Physical activity • Screen time • Environments • Social • Physical Focus on what we can change!

  12. Why the Increase in Obesity? • Rising obesity rates result from increases in caloric intake and/or decreases in caloric expenditure • The rise in obesity rates in the last decade could be explained by as little as an average net increase of 100 calories per day SOURCE: www.healthyheart.org/nutrition/caloricostofexercise.htm

  13. Changes in Caloric Intake from 1970 to 2000 • Adults • Men: 2,450 to 2,618 kcal/day (+7% ) • Women: 1,542 to 1,877 kcal/day (+22% ) • Children • Boys: 2,550 to 2,800 kcal/day (+10%) • Girls: 1,780 to 1,900 kcal/day (+7%)

  14. Help, the Environment is Making US Fat!

  15. Brainstorm What factors in the environment make it harder for us to eat smart and move more?

  16. Urban Sprawl and Time Spent in Cars

  17. Street Connectivity and Mixed Use

  18. Poor Access to Recreational Facilities

  19. Lack of Parks and Green Spaces

  20. Density of Fast Food Restaurants

  21. Eating Away from Home Contributes to Portion Distortion FRENCH FRIES Today 20 Years Ago 210 Calories 2.4 ounces 610 Calories 6.9 ounces Calorie Difference: 400

  22. Presence of Convenience Stores and Absence of Grocery Stores

  23. Price Matters

  24. School and Work • Poor food choices in cafeteria or vending machines • Minimal PA opportunities, even in schools • Cost: good food does cost more • School or work environments that don’t support or encourage healthy eating or PA • Technology that makes work easier but reduces physical activity

  25. Home • Availability and accessibility of fruits & veggies and healthy snacks • Family meals, especially for children • Family traditions (walks after dinner, playing with the kids) Adults control what enters the home!

  26. Home • Presence of exercise or play equipment • Outdoor space for child play • Media importance in home (use of TV at meals,video games, etc) • Number and location of TVs • Healthy sleep routines

  27. Childhood Obesity

  28. Background • Current child obesity epidemic • As of 2005, 56% of children aged 3-6 yrs enrolled in child care centers • Child care setting is ideal for promoting early development of health behaviors

  29. BMI = compared to growth charts • BMI that falls between the 85th-95th percentile = overweight • BMI at or above the 95th percentile = obese

  30. Obesity in children

  31. Overweight and ObesityUtah First Graders Source: Height Weight Measurement Project, Utah Department of Health

  32. Early Childhood Overweight and ObesityUtah WIC Program, 2009 Source: Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, Utah WIC Program, 2009

  33. Early Childhood Overweight and Obesity by Race/Ethnicity, 2009 Source: Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, Utah WIC Program, 2009

  34. Should We Be Concerned? • Overweight is now the most common nutritional disease of children • Preschool children who are overweight are nearly 5x more likely to be overweight as young adults • Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic conditions and health problems

  35. Brainstorm What are the health risks for overweight and obese children?

  36. Health Risks of Obesity • Heart Disease  Total cholesterol  Serum triglycerides  Blood pressure • Breathing problems • Type 2 diabetes • Musculoskeletal problems • Weight discrimination

  37. Contributors to Child Obesity • Food choices • Physical activity • Obese parents • Parents with poor health behaviors • Eating patterns • Parenting style • Low birth weight • Excessive weight gain in pregnancy • Formula feeding

  38. What Can We Do? • Factors within our control • Nutrition (eating) • Physical activity • Feeding interactions • Support breastfeeding mothers and children Focus on what we can change!

  39. YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE! Child care providers are advocates for healthy children!!

  40. Brainstorm • What is the role of child care? • What can you do to prevent obesity in preschoolers?

  41. ACTIVITY Making Changes in the Child Care Environment

  42. Summary • Convenience has made things TOO easy • Obesity is more than just a personal decision!! • More than 1 in 4 preschoolers are overweight or obese • Child care providers can help keep kids healthy

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