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Jancarle L. Santos

Analysis of the Use of Wind Powered Reverse Osmosis Sea Water Desalination Plants in the Northeast Region, Brazil P. C. M. Carvalho, D. B. Riffel carvalho@dee.ufc.br Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFC Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica - DEE. Jancarle L. Santos . High wind energy potential.

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Jancarle L. Santos

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  1. Analysis of the Use of Wind Powered Reverse Osmosis Sea Water Desalination Plants in the Northeast Region, BrazilP. C. M. Carvalho, D. B. Riffelcarvalho@dee.ufc.brUniversidade Federal do Ceará – UFCDepartamento de Engenharia Elétrica - DEE Jancarle L. Santos

  2. High wind energy potential • Site characteristics: - Stand-alone - No skilled labor 1. Introduction • Drinking water shortage

  3. 1.1 Reverse Osmosis (RO)Membrane characteristics: When a pressure greater than its osmotic pressure is applied to the more concentrated solution, the osmotic process reverses.

  4. Wind > 4m/s start DRINKING WATER High pressure pump CONCENTRATE 1.2 WEC-RO plant approach:Wind energy converter powered reverse osmosis plant “Turbine”

  5. 2. Experience gathered worldwidewith WEC-RO plants: • 2003, Spain – Grand Canaria island • 1997, Spain (Tenerife) and Greece (Syros) • 1996, Spain – Canarian Archipelago • 1985, Germany - Hallig Süderroog island • 1982, France – Planier island

  6. E-30 230kW CCS Flywheel sea membranes 2.1 Spain 2003 – Grand CanariaSite Specifications: • Without batteries • Recovery ratio: 33 % • Feed pressure: 62 bar • Specific electrical consumption: 6,9 kWh/m³ • Water production: 25 m³/day

  7. 2.2 Spain and Greece 1997Site Specifications: • Two modular WEC-RO pilot plant was installed in Containers: Greece - Syros • WEC: 500 kW • 1.5 km grid to connect WEC to RO containers • 60-900 m³/day • With energy storage Spain - Tenerife • WEC: 30 kW • 60-110 m³/day • Without energy storage

  8. maximum aerodynamic efficiency Dry season: k = 5,85 3. Wind Energy Potential in the Northeast Region, Brazil

  9. 4. Simulation Characteristics: • 10 % of the Ceará’s coast = 286.5 km² • Hourly average wind speeds data were recorded • 10 stations at 10, 20 or 30 m height • About 21 turbines per square kilometer • 6045 turbines class 500kW spaced 5D x 7D • Total wind parks capacity: 3022.5 MW • Annual renewable energy: 9548.6 GWh

  10. 1223.4 GWh 376.3 GWh 4.2 Potential wind power electricity production in 10% of the Ceará coast

  11. 226.2 mm 5.4 mm 4.3 Monthly rainfall distribution averaged for the period 1974-2002 in Ceará State Source: Funceme

  12. Rainy season (Jan-May): • Monthly production: 478.3 GWh • Enough to supply the electrical energy demand of the Ceará state, which was 459.2 GWh in 2002 478.3 GWh 156mm • The use of cisterns can supply the drinking water demand (> 156mm) 4.3 The complementarity between the Wind potential and the Rainfall distribution PRECIPITABLE WATER (mm) GWh

  13. Dry season (Jun-Dec): • Monthly production: 1022.4 GWh • It can supply the electrical energy demand of the Ceará and the drinking water demand (9 m³/s), which the state-of-the-art WEC-RO plant consumes 6.9 kWh/m³ 19 mm 1022.4 GWh 4.3 The complementarity between the Wind potential and the Rainfall distribution PRECIPITABLE WATER (mm) GWh

  14. 5. ConclusionWind Potential + Rainfall distribution + WEC-RO • The surplus electrical energy in the dry season, approx. 402.2 GWh/month, can give a contribution to the Brazilian electric system, since it is predominantly a hydraulic one. • Wind and rainfall distribution have an important seasonal complementarity in the Ceará State. • In this State the wind resources can supply the electrical demand throughout the year and in the dry season can supply the drinking water demand by the use of reverse osmosis plants.

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