Disaster Management

1. Disaster Management EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS (ESF) & STANDARD OPERATION PROCEDURE (SOP) KashifImdad Assistant Professor Department of Geography, PPN PG College, CSJM University, Kanpur

2. Understanding Disaster • Disaster is an event that causes damage to life, property or environment. • Disaster refers to the serious disruption of the functioning of society causing widespread human, infrastructure and environmental loss, which exceeds the ability of affected society to cope it with its own resources. (United Nation,1992) • Disaster are exceptional events which suddenly kill or injure large number of people. (Red Cross) Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

3. What is Disaster Management? • Reducing the possibility or probability of an event that can cause a disaster & • Minimizing the adverse impact-if the event occurs Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

4. What is Risk ? RISK ASSESSMENT Also called Risk Analysis or Evaluation, it is a process of determining the nature and scale of losses and damage due to disaster. • Probability of something adverse happening Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

5. HAZARD • A rare or extreme natural or human made event that threatens to adversely affect human life, property or activity to the extent of causing disaster HAZARD ASSESSMENT The process of estimating, for defined areas, the probabilities of the occurrence of potentially damaging phenomena of given magnitudes within a specified period of time. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

6. VULNERABILITY • The extent to which an individual, community, sub-group, structure, service, or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular disaster. VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS The process of estimating the vulnerability to potential disaster hazards of specified elements at risk. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

7. BROAD CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTER Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

8. Kanpur and Disasters: Hazard Assessment • Each Geographic location in world map is vulnerable to certain disasters, not all. However, some locations may be more vulnerable then others. • In case of Kanpur, we are • not vulnerable to, Cyclones, Tornados, Landslides, Tsunamis, Cloud Bursts, etc • but Vulnerable to Flood, Earthquake, Heat-Stroke, Epidemic, Lightening, Fire, Cold Stork, Electrocution, Road Accidents, Chemical Leakage etc Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

9. Hazard Assessment of Kanpur Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

10. DISASTER GRADATION • L0 : A “no-disaster” situation. This is the level at which surveillance; preparedness and mitigation activities must be focused on. • L1 : A District level disaster, within the capabilities of the District Administration to deal with. • L2 : A State level disaster, within the capabilities of the State Government to deal with. • L3 : A National level disaster , requiring direct intervention of the Central Government. • In addition to the above disaster situation the following “peace-time” situation has also been identified. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

11. Components of DDMP • Background of Disaster • Hazard Assessment • Risk & Vulnerability Analysis • Central control room system • Emergency Support Functions (ESF) • Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) • Resource Inventory Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

12. EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS (ESFs) • The Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) are variously identified response teams, which is activated with the occurrence of any disaster. • All ESF’s prepare their own Standard Operational Procedures to mitigate any disaster. • The number of such teams varies according to the distribution of specific work. • Each ESF has a defined work and area to deal at the time of disaster. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

13. IDENTIFIED EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

14. IDENTIFIED EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

15. IDENTIFIED EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

16. (STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE) SOP • Standard Operating Procedure is a predefined set of directives. In other words • “A set of directives, covering those features of operations that lend themselves to a definite or standardized procedure.” Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

17. ‘SOP’ IN TERMS OF DISASTER • In terms of Disaster Management a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a set of written instructions that is to be followed by an organization/group/individual to mitigate and manage any disasters event. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

18. Why SOP’s are necessary? Imagine a situation where two different defense organizations (like Army and Police) decide to conduct a combined terrorist operation. They all are well trained, with years of experience. They are best equipped and have access to all facelifts necessary for the operation. Now the result should be an improved operation effectiveness, quality, and efficiency of forces, right? Unfortunately, the opposite may be true in situations like this. That’s because each of the predecessor of different Defense departments had its own unique way of doing things in term of plans, policies, traditions, methods, etc. Even some of the legal authorities under which they operated were different. As a result, combining organizational systems and personnel leads to miscommunication, conflict, and problems on the operation ground. These problems may have been avoided if the new organization had implemented written guidelines that defined precisely how operations were to be conducted. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

19. COMPONENTS OF SOP • Identification of Primary and Secondary Agency • Formation of Crisis Management Group (CMG) for each SOP • Actions Before Disaster • Actions During Disaster • Actions After Disaster • Annexure-includes information like Contact information of all key person, location of resources, Necessary checklists, formats etc. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

20. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AGENCY • For each SOP a Primary and Secondary agency is needed to be indentified. • Only one primary agency should be allotted a designated task decided during ESF. • Primary agency should be related to the task allotted for managing disaster. • Secondary agencies are the supporting agencies, which assist primary agency to complete their allotted task. • The number of Secondary agency may very according to the nature of task assigned. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

21. CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP (CMG) • A CMG should be created for each ESF and SOP. • Composition and trigger mechanism of CMG should be decided in advance during the preparation of SOP. • An ideal compositionofCMG should include following – • Chairperson • Co-chairperson • Convener • Members • Any other member can be co-opted to the Group depending upon the nature of the disaster. • Any alternative officer can also be nominated as a member of the Group by the CMG in case of his/her absence. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

22. FUNCTIONS OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP • Crisis Management Group is responsible for managing the situation in case of any Emergency/ Crisis. • The group will arrange for required assistance from all concerned agencies in case of any emergency. • To interact with the National / State Disaster Management Authority. • To coordinate for any assistance in terms of men and materials at national level. • To act as information source desk for all related developments in the event of a disaster. • To mobilize resources for restoration • To facilitate inter-agency support. • To coordinate information. • To facilitate damage assessment Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

23. Actions Before Disaster • Decide ‘Officer in charge’ and Second in command. • An illustrative check list of who has to do what is required to be prepared by the Department in case of emergency. • Department will Participate in an exercise at least annually to validate this annex and supporting SOPs. On the basis of experience changes can be made in SOP. • Exhaustive training of personnel’s for dealing with the disaster situation. • An illustrative check list of the material could be used during and after the disaster condition should be made. • Preventive and preparatory measures. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

24. Actions During Disaster • Activation of ESF as per Standard procedure. • All person should act according to the direction of SOP. • All personnel required for disaster management should work under the overall supervision and guidance of District Disaster Manager. • Notify all supporting agencies and personnel upon activation and Assign duties to support agency. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

25. Actions After Disaster • Continue information gathering and processing. • Prepares situation reports as necessary. • Compiling information and documentation as necessary. • Reviews and revises reporting procedures and formats as necessary. • Prepares, submits and tracks all documentation necessary for state reimbursement of declared disasters. • Documentation: Lessons learnt from the disaster should be documented for preparation of future risk management plans. • Continue role in Rehabilitation work. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

26. Annexure • Attach all needed Check lists. • Enclose contact information of all important officers/resource. • Attach inventory of all equipments that could be used during Disaster, along with its location and contact person. • Attach all necessary formats needed in pre, during and post disaster condition. Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

27. Thank You Email id: kashifimdad@gmail.com Contact No. 09889379131, 0522-2404466 Address: Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, PPN PG College, CSJM University, Kanpur Residence: 444/555 Ali Colony, Barafkhana, Thakurganj, Chowk, Lucknow Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

28. Arahama in Sendai: before Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

29. Arahama in Sendai: after Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

30. Sendai Airport: before Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

31. Sendai Airport: after Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

32. Fujitsuka in Sendai: before Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

33. Fujitsuka in Sendai: after Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

34. Yuriage in Natori: before Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur

35. Yuriage in Natori: after Kashif Imdad, Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Geography, PPN P.G. College, Kanpur