140 likes | 244 Views
Further, Higher, Better?. Gareth Parry University of Sheffield. Why divide, and does it matter?. a long-standing feature? an English peculiarity? an issue for public policy?. Some policy history. 1944: an FE system + the universities 1966: colleges-polytechnics + the universities
E N D
Further, Higher, Better? Gareth Parry University of Sheffield
Why divide, and does it matter? • a long-standing feature? • an English peculiarity? • an issue for public policy?
Some policy history ... 1944: an FE system + the universities 1966: colleges-polytechnics + the universities 1988: FE + polytechnics + the universities 1992: FE + HE 2000: L&S + HE
Staying with sectors ... Policy silence, except for: • the uniqueness of HE • the disorder of post-16
From elite to mass: the FE contribution • England: a ‘qualifying’ rather than ‘providing’ role for FE • Scotland: a leading role for FE in taking HE expansion
From mass to near-universal access: the FE contribution • England: breaking the traditional pattern of demand, with dual sectors (‘the English experiment’) • Scotland: holding at 50%, with tertiary arrangements
Contemporary configurations of FE and HE • mixed economy colleges • dual-sector universities • cross-sector partnerships
Dual-sector universities FE:HE TVU 60:40 Leeds Metropolitan University 45:55 University of the Arts 50:50 University of Derby 40:60 Writtle College 90:10 Birmingham CFTCS 80:20
Semi-compulsory partnerships • for validation • for (indirect) funding • for (increasing & widening) participation • for (vocational) progression: Lifelong Learning Networks, with additional funded numbers
So, do sectors matter? • no restraint on partnerships • functional for some • a check on mission drift? but: • asymmetries of policy and power • ‘double stratification’: social & institutional • a common enterprise?
After 2010? • spending review • fee deregulation • demographic downturn
The ESRC FurtherHigher Project Why do the English divide? With what effect on organisations? With what impact on participation and equity? k.kitchen@sheffield.ac.uk