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Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ ( Course 3060 )

Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ ( Course 3060 ). Section 3 Locate and Use Help Resources in the Linux System. Objectives. Access and Use Manual Pages Use info Pages Access Release Notes and White Papers Use GUI-Based Help in the Linux System

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Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ ( Course 3060 )

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  1. Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060) Section 3 Locate and Use Help Resources in the Linux System

  2. Objectives • Access and Use Manual Pages • Use info Pages • Access Release Notes and White Papers • Use GUI-Based Help in the Linux System • Find Help on the Web Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  3. Access and Use Manual Pages • The most important command for online help is man • If the English manual pages are not shown automatically with man, you can set LANG=en_EN • The header of each manual page contains the command name at the left and right sides and the section number to which the manual page belongs • The center of the header shows the section name • The last line usually contains the date of the last changes Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  4. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  5. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) • A manual page is always divided into the parts shown in Table 3-1 • Not every manual page has all parts Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  6. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  7. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) • The manual pages are organized into sections shown in Table 3-2 • For example, the following displays information about crontab: • man 1 crontab • man 5 crontab Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  8. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  9. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) • It is important to know to which section a command belongs when there is more than one manual page for a command • To display a brief description of all the available manual pages for a command or utility: tux@da10:~ > whatis uname uname (1) - print system information uname (2) - get name and information about current kernel uname (1p) - return system name uname (3p) - get the name of the current system tux@da10:~> • man uses the program less,which displays one screen of information at a time Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  10. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  11. Access and Use Manual Pages (continued) • In SLES, the man pages are in /usr/share/man/ • Enter man -k keyword or apropos keyword to display a list of man pages in which the keyword appears in the NAME section tux@da10:~ > man -k printf vasprintf (3) - print to allocated string vwprintf (3p) - wide-character formatted output of a stdarg argument list vfprintf (3) - formatted output conversion snprintf (3) - formatted output conversion format (n) - format a string in the style of sprintf swprintf (3) - formatted wide character output conversion asprintf (3) - print to allocated string … Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  12. Exercise 3-1 Access and Use Manual Pages • Manual pages are ideal for getting a quick information on command-line commands • This is a resource you will probably use very often • In this exercise you practice using the manual pages Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  13. Use info Pages • A whole series of GNU programs no longer have manual pages (or are outdated) • Instead, info files are used, which can be read with the command info • In SLES 9, the info files are in /usr/share/info/ • The following are advantages of the info file format: • It uses a structured document setup • Specific sections can be reached directly from the table of contents • Specific sections can be linked Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  14. Use info Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  15. Use info Pages (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  16. Exercise 3-2 Access and Use info Pages • Sometimes manual pages have only very little information and refer to info pages for more complete information • The purpose of this exercise is for you to get used to the format, which might need a little time Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  17. Access Release Notes and White Papers • Release notes, white papers, and other helpful information are stored in the directory /usr/share/doc/ • This directory contains the following: • Release Notes • Howto Files • Help for Installed Packages Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  18. Release Notes • When you complete the SLES 9 installation (just before the Login screen is displayed), the release notes appear in a window • If you want to access these release notes later, you can find them in the directory /usr/share/doc/release-notes/ • Two release note files are available: • RELEASE-NOTES.en.html • RELEASE-NOTES.en.rtf • The content of these files is identical; only the file format is different Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  19. Howto Files • For additional information, see the howto files • There is a howto for almost every topic in Linux • Available in different formats (e.g. ASCII, PostScript) • Many have been translated into various languages • The howto files of the Linux Documentation Project in HTML are installed during the SLES 9 installation: /usr/share/doc/howto/en/html/ • You can also install the howto files in ASCII format (package howto, ASCII format) • You can find a list of all current howto files at: www.tldp.org/ Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  20. Help for Installed Packages • Help files are available in the following directory for most installed packages: • /usr/share/doc/packages/package-name • These help files are written by the programmers of the package • The format of these files is not standardized • Some packages provide help files in HTML, while others are in pure ASCII Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  21. Exercise 3-3 Access Release Notes and White Papers • Sometimes you may want to look at the release notes again after installation • The purpose of this exercise is to show you how to access them, as well as to give you a first idea on how to navigate in the Linux file system and use the file manager Konqueror Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  22. Use GUI-Based Help in the Linux System • Two important applications for getting help in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server are the SUSE HelpCenter and Konqueror • To get help, you can do the following: • Display the SUSE HelpCenter • Use Help Commands with Konqueror Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  23. Display the SUSE HelpCenter Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  24. Display the SUSE HelpCenter (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  25. Use Help Commands with Konqueror Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  26. Use Help Commands with Konqueror (continued) Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  27. Exercise 3-4 Use GUI-Based Help • Most of the time you will probably get along fine with manual and info pages • The purpose of this exercise is to show you additional help resources, in case, for example, the manual pages don’t fit your needs Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  28. Find Help on the Web • You can find information about Linux on the Internet • www.novell.com/linux/suse • www.linux.org • www.linux.com • www.tldp.org • www.linuxplanet.com • www.cert.org (security issues) • www.securityfocus.com (security issues) • www.kernel.org (Linux kernel issues) • Google offers a special Web search site for questions about Linux at www.google.com/linux Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  29. Exercise 3-5 Find Help on the Web • The help information on the installation CD-ROMs or DVD mirrors what was known at the time of the release • However, since that time things have likely happened—errors were found, as well as solutions or work-arounds for these errors, etc. • Most of this information can be found via the Internet • The purpose of this exercise is to give you a first start into using this resource Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

  30. Summary • Several help resources are available locally on your SLES system as well as on the Internet • The manual pages contain the syntax and usage of most commands and files on your system • The info pages are an alternative to the manual pages; they can contain links to other sections • The /usr/share/doc directory contains release notes for the installation, howto files, and help files for installed software packages • Use F1or the SUSE HelpCenter to obtain more help Getting Started with Linux: Novell’s Guide to CompTIA’s Linux+ (Course 3060)

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