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MARKET REVOLUTION - TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION (JUST A FEW ADDITIONAL NOTES)

MARKET REVOLUTION - TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION (JUST A FEW ADDITIONAL NOTES). EUGENIA LANGAN MATER ACADEMY CHARTER HIGH SCHOOL HIALEAH GARDENS, FLORIDA. THE MARKET REVOLUTION: AFTER THE WAR OF 1812, THE U.S ECONOMY BEGAN LESS RELIANT ON IMPORTS AND CENTERED MORE ON THE INTERNAL MARKET

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MARKET REVOLUTION - TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION (JUST A FEW ADDITIONAL NOTES)

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  1. MARKET REVOLUTION - TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION(JUST A FEW ADDITIONAL NOTES) EUGENIA LANGAN MATER ACADEMY CHARTER HIGH SCHOOL HIALEAH GARDENS, FLORIDA

  2. THE MARKET REVOLUTION: AFTER THE WAR OF 1812, THE U.S ECONOMY BEGAN LESS RELIANT ON IMPORTS AND CENTERED MORE ON THE INTERNAL MARKET • INDUSTRIALIZATION MADE THIS POSSIBLE (THOUGH NOT ALL REGIONS WERE INDUSTRIALIZED) • EAST – INDUSTRIALIZED • SOUTH – PLANTATIONS (MOSTLY COTTON) AND SLAVERY • WEST – THE NATION’S BREADBASKET • REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION  REGIONS DEPENDED ON TRADE WITH EACH OTHER - INTERDEPENDENT

  3. THE MARKET REVOLUTION (AND THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION) DEPENDED ON THE TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION: • FREIGHT HAD TO MOVE FROM STATE TO STATE, REGION TO REGION • HENCE THE DEBATES OVER INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS – ROADS AND CANALS • TRANSPORTATION FACT: VERY HEAVY FREIGHT SUCH AS GRAIN, COAL, IRON, ETC. CANNOT MOVE BY ROAD – ONLY BY WATER AND RAILROADS • IT IS VERY EXPENSIVE AND TAKES YEARS TO BUILD A CANAL, AND CANALS MUST LINK TO RIVERS OR LAKES

  4. TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION PHASE 1 MAJOR ROADS (TURNPIKES) AND CANALS BY AROUND 1840: NOTE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH

  5. TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION PHASE 2: THE RAIL “REVOLUTION” • DEPENDED ON INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION – STEAM ENGINE • MUCH CHEAPER TO BUILD RAILROADS THAN CANALS • RAILROADS CAN BE BUILT ANYWHERE • RAIL – SPEED • BEFORE, FASTEST TRANSIT WAS BY HORSE – AV. SPEED 10 MPH (BUT HORSES MUST STOP EN ROUTE TO EAT, REST, SLEEP, ETC.) • 19TH C. STEAM LOCOMOTIVE – AV. 10 MPH, DIDN’T HAVE TO STOP EN ROUTE

  6. 10 MPH – BUT HAS TO STOP TO REST, EAT, SLEEP, ETC. TEAM OF HORSES CARRIES ONE WAGON 10 MPH – KEEPS GOING AS LONG AS COAL IS IN FIREBOX AND WATER IS IN BOILER. ONE LOCOMOTIVE HAULS MANY CARS

  7. SORRY, NO CHART FOR U.S. – BUT REDUCTIONS IN TRANSIT TIME IN U.S. WERE THE SAME AS IN ENGLAND: REDUCED TIME BY 70-75%

  8. THE JOHN BULL, ONE OF THE EARLIEST STEAM ENGINES IN U.S. • IN ADDITION TO BEING MUCH FASTER THAN EITHER HORSES OR BARGES, RAILROADS COULD MOVE MORE FREIGHT AT A TIME – STEAM ENGINES COULD HAUL DOZENS OF CARS

  9. THE RAIL BOOM – 1830 – 60 (MILES OF TRACK) • BY 1840 RAILROADS HAD REPLACED CANALS AS THE PRIMARY LONG-DISTANCE FREIGHT CARRIERS

  10. RAILROADS BY 1860 • N.B.: SOUTH HAD FEWER RAILROADS • SOUTHERN RAILROADS MOSTLY SHORT LINES • SOUTHERN RAILROADS NOT STANDARD GAUGE • RR = BEST WAY TO MOVE TROOPS, MATERIEL, OTHER WAR SUPPLIES

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