BID DOCUMENTS AND CONTRACT DOCUMENTS * The difference between bid and contract documents.

1. BID DOCUMENTS AND CONTRACT DOCUMENTS * The difference between bid and contract documents. • The bid document applies to before the contract is signed, whereas the contract document applies to after the contract agreement is signed by the owner and contractor . *The bid documents consist of : • The invitation to bid . • Bid forms. • Drawings. • Specifications. • Requirements of bonds and insurance. • Addenda. Bid Documents 1

2. * Why we need to bid documents? The contractor used it in prepare an estimate and submit a bid. • It’s legal documents for construction and completion of the project. * Who is write a bid documents? Architect Engineer. Bid Documents 2

3. Contract Requirements: 1) Competitive contract. 2) Negotiated. In most municipal, state, and federal projects are awarded by competitive bidding. -- Competitive bidding involves : _ Advertisement for bids in public media. _ Bid opening is performed in the open public. _ Contractor performs a detailed estimate and submits a bid price accordance with the contract documents. Bid Documents 3

4. _ The owner and engineer perform the evaluation of bids at later date. _ Most governments award contract to the lowest bidder, provided all conditions of the contract have been met. _ Private owners are not required to award the contract to the lowest bidder but may select to the contractor deemed most desirable for the project. -- Negotiated contracts : Award of the contract is made to the contractor the owner feels can provide the best total performance , which may or may not be lowest initial cost. Bid Documents 4

5. Arrangement of contract documents: • Legal matters: - Bid forms. - Bond requirements. - Insurance requirements. - General condition. - Supplementary conditions of the contract. Bid Documents 5

6. 2) Technical matters : - Plans (drawings). - Specifications that describe the material, workmanship, and methods of construction that are required to build the project. * where conflicts exist between the drawings and written specifications, it is common practice that the written specifications govern. Bid Documents 6

7. Building Construction Specifications: It’s defined : 1) The quality of material. 2) Performance rating of equipment. 3) Level of workmanship. 4) Warranty requirements. • Construction Specification Institute (CSI) Master format organizes project information into major divisions. Bid Documents 7

8. A list of the CSI numbers and titles includes: 0-Introductory Information Bidding and Contracting Requirements. 1-General Requirements. 2-Site Construction. 3-Concrete. 4-Masonry. 5-Metals. 6-Wood and Plastics. 7-Thermal and Moisture Protection. 8-Doors and Windows……………… Bid Documents 8

9. Heavy/Highway Specifications: 1-General Provisions. 2-Excavation and Embankment. 3-Base Courses. 4-Surfaces Courses: bituminous, concrete pave’s. 5-Structures:steel,concrete bridges. 6-Materials:aggregate,asphalt. 7-Traffic Control: signals, signs. 8-Incidental Construction: guard rails, fences. Bid Documents 9

10. Bidding requirements • The information contained in this section of the contract documents is extremely important to the estimating team . typical information in the bidding requirements includes: Bid Documents 10

11. Bid solicitation(دعوة العطاء) • The bidding solicitation some times called the invitation to bid contain the time that bids must be submitted . the estimator must establish a plan to complete all work to meet the deadline of the bid date , other wise the bid will be disqualified. The bid solicitation also gives the name and address of the owner and design organization with instructions on how to obtain the bid documents. Bid Documents 11

12. instruction to bidders • The instruction to bidders section describes vital information that is required to submit a bid. For example that may appear in the instruction to is a statement that the contractor must make a provision during execution of the contract document to allow the owner to take advantage of the owner's contract documents to allow the owner to take advantage of the owner's tax exempt status for materials and equipment purchased for the project. Bid Documents 12

13. information Available to Bidders • The information available to bidders section may include such items as referencing a subsurface exploration report that has been prepared for the project , but is not shown in contract documents . the information available to bidders may include information about the project from a material testing laboratory . Bid Documents 13

14. Bid forms • The bid form defines the format that is required for submission of the bid. The format of the bid form impacts the assembly and summary of costs in the final estimate . the owner may request the bid as lump sum, unit prices based on predefined pay quantities in the bid documents , or combination of both. Bid Documents 14

15. For construction project the work may priced by several method or combination of the pricing method. The method selected depends on distribution of risk between the owner and contractors. Bid Documents 15

16. Bid form for lump-sum contracts • for project where a complete set of plans and specification have been prepared prior to construction and quantity of work is well defined, the estimate is normally prepared for the purpose of submitting a lump sum bid on the project. Building type project are usually bid on a lump sum basis . Bid Documents 16

17. Its common practice for project to have one or more "alternates" attached to the bid documents of lump sum contracts the alternate may be to add or deduct a work item from the base of lump sum bid. • A lump sum estimate must include the cost of all material, labor, equipment, overhead, taxes, bonds and profit. Bid Documents 17

18. Unit – Price contracts - It is used for most heavy engineering constructions such as: a. Earth works b. Various kinds of pipelines We use it because the precise quantities of materials may not be known in advance of construction. Total cost = actual quantity completed by the contractor X bid price per unit • So the actual cost of the project can be determined at the end of the project based on the actual quantities that results at the completion of the project. • The cost per unit submitted in abed includes: furnishing of materials, labor, equipment, supervision, insurances, taxes, profit, and bonds as required for completely installing a unit. Bid Documents 18

19. Negotiated work It is used when the owner wants to start construction at the earliest possible date to benefit from an early completion and use of the project. • A representative of the owner works with the contractor to evaluate alternatives to obtain a project configuration that meets the needs of the owner, yet with a cost within the owner’s allowable budget. • The final contract agreement usually is a cost plus a fixed fee with a guaranteed maximum amount. If the cost is above or below the guaranteed maximum amount, then the owner and the contractor agree to a splitting of the difference. Bid Documents 19

20. Addendum • It is a change in the contract documents during the bidding process, before a ward of the contract. • Addenda are issued to correct errors in the contract documents or clarify an issue. May concern addition to the work at the request of the owner. • The estimating team must be certain that the costs of all addenda are included in the estimate. Bid Documents 20

21. Alternate It is an addition or subtraction to a base bid price for substitutions requested by the owner during the bidding process. • Each alternate is listed and numbered separately in the bid documents. • For example: An alternate No.1 may be add the parking lot. An alternate No.2 may be deduct the sidewalks. Bid Documents 21

22. Change order • It is issued by the designer but signed by the owner and contractor • Making a change in the contract documents during construction. • Upon approval by the owner change orders become a part of the contract documents. Bid Documents 22

23. Warranties They are guarantees by the contractor that specific components of the project will be free from defects due to materials or workmanship for a specified warranty period. • They cover specific items, such as a roofing warranty or an equipment warranty that are part of the construction project. • The type of warranty and warranty periods are defined in the written specifications of the contract documents. Bid Documents 23

24. Bonds • Bidders submit bonds as qualifications for submitting a bid for a project. • The contractor secures bonds from a bonding company or a bank on behalf of the owner as financial and legal protection for the owner. Bid Documents

25. Type of bonds Three type of bonds are commonly required in construction contracts (as the book): Bid bond. Prepayment bond. Performance bond. Maintenance bond. Payment bond. Bid Documents

26. Bid Bond It is ensure the owner that the contractor will sign the contract for the bid amount, if the bidder refuses or fails to sign the contract, the owner may retain the bond or check as liquidated damages. Its amount equal to (5-20)% of the amount of the bid. Bid Documents

27. Performance Bond It is ensure the owner that the contractor will perform all work in accordance with the contract documents. Performance bond last for the period of construction of a project. Its amount 25,50,100% of the contract, but the cost of the bond usually is based on: Amount of the contract. Duration of the project.. Bid Documents

28. Payment Bondor Material and Labor Payment Bond This bond is issued to ensure the owner that all wages and bills for material will be paid upon completion of the project. Bid Documents

29. If the contractor: default, or fails to complete the project, or fails to pay labor and material cost the bond company or the bank agrees to fulfill the contract agreement. Bid Documents

30. Insurance • The contractor must secured insurance, because there are many risks involved in construction. • The precise losses that are reimbursable from insurance are based on predetermined losses named in the insurance policy. Bid Documents

31. Types of Available Insurance for Construction Projects • Basic Builder's Risk Insurance. • Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance. • Workmen’s Compensation Insurance. • Contractor’s Equipment Floater. Bid Documents

32. Basic Builder's Risk InsuranceGeneral All Risk (GAR) • General Builder's Risk which covers damages to the project due fires, wind, and hail. • Insurance is based on the estimated completed value of the project, so the premium rate usually is set at 60% of the complete value. • Basic Builder's Risk Insurance varies with the type and location of the structure. Bid Documents

33. Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance • It protects the contractor against injuries to the general public or public property due to actions of the employees while performing works. • The cost of this insurance depends on the type of work and the safety record of the contractor. • It is range from (2-8)% of the base cost of the labor. Bid Documents

34. Workmen’s Compensation Insurance • To protect workers as a result of injury or death on a project. • It provides medical expenses and payment of lost wages during the period of injury. • The cost can rang from (10-30)% of the base cost of the labor, depending on the type of work that is performed by each worker. Bid Documents

35. Contractor’s Equipment Floater • It provides protection against loss or damages to equipment because of fire, tornado, flood, perils of transportation, and theft. • The cost varies with location, it is about $1.50 per $100.00 of equipment value per year. Bid Documents

36. Building construction drawings • title sheet (This sheet contains the name of the project, owner, designer, and other pertinent information related to the project). Bid Documents 36

37. Title sheet Bid Documents 37

38. Building construction drawings • index sheet (which provides a summary of all the remaining sheet in the drawings, Its shows the list of drawing. For building type project, the remaining sheets generally follow this arrangement: civil, architectural, structural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire protection. A letter before the sheet number identifies each drawing. For example, the civil drawing are number C1, C2, C3, etc.; the architectural drawings are number as S1, S2, S3, etc). Bid Documents 38

39. Index sheet Bid Documents 39

40. Building construction drawings • Plans, elevations, and sections(he pictorial presentations used in drawings are shown from several viewing angles). • plane views (Views looking vertically down on the object ). • elevation views (Views looking horizontally at an object ). Bid Documents 40

41. Plane views Bid Documents 41

42. Building construction drawings • perspective views (Views looking at an object from a point that is not perpendicular to any face of the object). • A section view (view of the object as seen by passing a cutting plane through the object) • A detail (is an enlargement of a specific area of a project. Connections of structural components are generally sown as details). Bid Documents 42

43. Detail drawing Bid Documents 43

44. Building construction drawings • isometric or pictorial drawings (Some items in a project are difficult to show by plan, elevation, or section view. Items such as the routing of conduits for electrical or mechanical work are examples. It is a common practice to show the routing in three-dimensional pictorial drawings). Bid Documents 44

45. Building construction drawings Line Work: Several types of line work that are used in preparing drawings include: • Thick lines-outline edges of objects (plans and elevations). • Thin lines with short dashes-denote the centerline of an object • Phantom lines-show the path of moving parts • Broken lines-denote the object is longer than shown • Short dashed lines-denote edges on the object that cannot be seen from the near side surface of the object Bid Documents 45

46. Building construction drawings • Scales • Usually the type of scale used is identified at the bottom of the page on the drawings. However, several different scale may be used on a single sheet. Therefore, it is important to be certain that the correct scale is used in determining the quantities for estimating. Occasionally, a portion of the drawing is shown without any scale. When this condition exists, there should be a note that states the drawing is not to scale. The estimator must also be cautious because sometimes the drawings are reduced in size, such as a half-size drawing, to permit easier handling during construction. Bid Documents 46

47. Building construction drawings • Scales • Two types of scales are used in construction drawings, the architect’s scale and the engineer’s scale. The architect’s scales that are commonly used for plans and elevations include 1/32 in. = 1 ft and 1/16 in. = 1 ft. Complicated areas often use the ¼ in. = 1 ft, or ½ in. = 1 ft on the architect’s scale. Special applications that require high details are 1.5 in. = 1 ft, or 3 in. = 1 ft, or may be drawn to a half or even a full scale. • The engineer’s scale, graduated in tenths of an inch, is often used for civil, structural, and mechanical drawings. The scales are 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60. The higher numbers of 50 or 60 are used for large areas, such as site-work or plot plans. Details of drawings often use the smaller numbers, such as 10, 20, or 30. The 40 on the engineer’s scale is equivalent to the ¼ in. on the architect’s scale. Bid Documents 47

48. Building construction drawings • Schedules • To simplify the presentation of repetitious items (such as footings, columns, doors, windows, room finishes, etc.) a schedule is frequently used. A schedule is a tabular listing of the repetitive items in the project. For example, a room schedule is a tabular list of all rooms in the structure, showing the type of floor covering, wall covering, and type of ceiling. Likewise, a footing schedule is a listing of all footings in the foundation, showing the diameter, depth, type, size, and number of reinforcing bars. Thus, a schedule is a concise and convenient method to show all common types of items in one location. Bid Documents 48

49. Building construction drawings • Symbols and abbreviations • Symbols are used on the drawings to identify the types of materials and work required during construction. Examples are valves, pumps, type of welds, electrical outlets, etc. Abbreviations of organization that produce technical information and standards for materials and construction procedures are frequently referenced in the specifications of contract documents. Bid Documents 49

50. Detail drawing Bid Documents 50