Crime Scene

1. Crime Scene Robbie Scott, Mary McAllister, Taylor Price Zaire Smith, Breyanna Williams

2. Procedures

3. 1 First Officer on Scene • The first officer to arrive at the scene of a crime is responsible for: • securing crime scene • providing medical assistance • arresting any perpetrators • excluding any unauthorized people from the scene

4. Recording the Scene 2 • Scene should be completely recorded before anything is moved • Scene can (and should) be recorded through • photography • sketching • notes

5. Photography • overviews • close-ups • rulers should be held next to items whose sizes must be recorded

6. Sketching • rough sketch • at scene • distances and positions of items • finished sketch • precise • drawn to scale

7. Notes • detailed description of scene • location, time, and by whom an item was discovered • how items are packaged • log of items discovered

8. Preliminary Exam of Scene 3 • set boundaries around scene • establish entry and exit of perpetrator • establish strategy for the examination of the scene

9. Searching the Scene 4 • thorough and systematic • depends on size of scene and locale • investigator must not overlook any evidence, regardless of size or relation to crime • items at scene must be sent to lab for processing and testing

10. Packaging Evidence • each item must be packaged separately • forceps and other tools must be used to pick up items • gloves MUST be worn at all times to prevent contamination of evidence • pill bottles and manila folders can be used to store trace evidence • manila envelopes, paper bags, or wrapping paper must be used to store any bloodstained evidence to prevent the growth of mold

11. Processing Evidence 5 • any items found at the scene must be sent to the lab for testing • items can include • clothing • fingernail scrapings • hairs and fibers • blood • swabs (in sex related crimes) • bullets and casings • the body (with permission from the family) must also be sent to the morgue for an autopsy in search of any other evidence on the body

12. Chain of Custody • must be established whenever evidence changes possession • log must be kept for a record of who has the evidence and where it is located • when evidence is not being tested or used, it must be kept in storage

13. Obtaining Reference Samples 6 • reference samples (hair, blood, saliva, etc.) must be collected from anyone found at scene to eliminate suspects • reference samples of solids and liquids located nearby should be collected as well

14. Personnel at the Crime Scene

15. Major Assignments • Team Leader • Photographer and Photographic log recorder • Sketch Preparer • Evidence Recorder/ Evidence Recovery personnel • Specialists

16. Team Leader • Assume Control- make sure the crime scene is secure and that they use appropriate protection at the scene • Conduct Initial Walkthrough- preliminary survey • Designate assignments for team members • Create a command post location • Coordinate with other law enforcement agencies • Make sure there is the right supplies and equipment available to team members • Control the access to the crime scene • Make sure everyone is on task • Release the scene after a final survey

17. Photographer and Photographic log recorder • Photograph the entire area • Photograph victims, crowd, and people • Photograph all evidence • Photograph all fingerprints and impressions • Prepare photographic log and sketch

18. Sketch Preparer • Diagram the crime scene • Create labels for evidence • Sketch evidence • Provide any assistance if needed

19. Evidence Recorder/ Evidence Recovery personnel • Describe evidence and its surroundings • Sign and date evidence container • Store evidence properly • Use protective equipment when in contact with evidence

20. Specialists • Expertise outside the Agency Ex: -Anthropologist -Blood Pattern Analyst -Bomb Technician -Criminalist -Engineer -Entomologist -Medical Examiner -Odontologist -Surveyor

21. Sources • http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/respon2.html • http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi

22. Supplies

23. First Responding Officer Supplies • Bindle paper • Biohazard bags • Consent/search forms • Crime scene barricade tape • First-aid kit • Flares • Flashlight and extra batteries • Markers (business cards, chalk, spray paint or some other marker to place by noted evidence items) • Notebook • Paper bags • Personal protective equipment (gloves, booties, hair covering, overalls and mask). *All items must be kept safe and readily available during investigation:

24. Crime Scene Personnel Supplies • Bindle paper. • Biohazard bags. • Bodily fluid collection kit (sterile swabs, distilled water, — optional presumptive tests and sterile packaging that allows the swabs to air dry). • Camera (plus memory cards, back up battery, remote flash, tripod and remote cord). • Evidence seals/tape. • Flashlight(s) with extra batteries. • Footwear casting materials. • Graph paper and pencils, small ruler or straight edge. • Latent print kit. • Measuring devices (e.g, measuring wheel, tape measures of varying lengths). • Multifunction utility tool. • Notebook. • Paper bags (various sizes). • Permanent markers. • Personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, booties, hair covering, overalls and mask). • Placards. • Plastic resealable bags (various sizes) • Scales for photography. • Spray paint, chalk, etc. • Syringe/knife tubes. • Tweezers(disposable). *All items must be kept safe and readily available during investigation:

25. Optional Items • Maps • Marker stickers such as numbers, letters, arrows, scales • Marking paint/snow wax • Metal detector • Mirror • Nail clippers and orange peeler (for collecting debris under suspect fingernails) • Phone listing (important numbers) • Pocket knife • Presumptive blood test supplies • Privacy screens • Protrusion rod set • Rakes • Razor blades or knife (knife must have blades that can be broken off after each use) • Reflective vest • Refrigeration or cooling unit • Respirators with filters • Roll of string • Rubber bands • Screen sifters • Sexual assault evidence collection kit (for victim and suspect) • Shoe print lifting equipment • Tarps to protect evidence from the weather • Templates (scene and human) • Thermometer • Tool kit • Traffic cones • Trajectory rods • Waterless hand wash (towelette with germicide) • Audio recorder • Biohazard labels • Bloodstain pattern examination kit • Business cards • Backup camera • Chalk • Chemical enhancement supplies • Cutting instruments (knives, box cutter, scalpel, scissors) • Directional marker/compass • Disinfectant • Distilled water • Entomology (insect) collection kit • Evidence collection containers (e.g., jars, paper bags, resealable plastic bags, metal paint style cans) • Evidence identifiers [opens in pop-up window] • Evidence seals/tape • Extension cords • Fingerprint ink pad and pint cards for elimination prints • Flags (surveyor type) for marking evidence and setting up search patterns • Forensic light source (alternate light source, UV lamp/laser, goggles) • Generator • Gunshot residue kit • High-intensity lights • Labels • Laser trajectory kit • Magnifying glass

26. Example Evidence Collection Kits • Bindle. • Coin envelopes. • Disposable scalpels. • Distilled water. • Ethanol. • Evidence identifiers. • Latex gloves. • Photographic ruler (ABFO scales). • Presumptive chemicals. • Sterile gauze. • Sterile swabs. • Test tubes/test tube rack. • ABFO scales. • Calculator. • Laser pointer. • Permanent markers. • Protractor. • String. • Tape. Blood Collection Kit Bloodstain Pattern Documentation Kit

27. Evidence Collection Kits Continued • Cones/markers. • Evidence identifiers. • Metal detectors. • Paintbrushes. • Shovels/trowels. • Sifting screens. • String. • Weights. • Wooden/metal stakes. • Black and white film. • Brushes. • Chemical enhancement supplies. • Cyanoacrylate (super glue) wand/packets. • Flashlight. • Forensic light source. • Lift cards. • Lift tape. • Measurement scales. • One-to-one camera. • Powders. Excavation Kit Fingerprint Kit

28. Evidence Collection Kits Continued • Impression • Bowls/mixing containers. • Boxes. • Dental stone (die stone). • Evidence identifiers. • Measurement scales. • Permanent markers. • Snow print wax. • Water. • Casting materials (casting material, distilled water if needed for casting material, casting frames, mixing bowl if needed for casting material, polymer type casting material with various size spreader tips.) • Chemical enhancement supplies. • Electrostatic dust lifter. • Gel lifter. • Wide format lift tape. Impression Kit Pattern Print Lifter Kit

29. Evidence Collection Kits Continued • Acetate sheet protectors. • Bindle paper. • Clear tape/adhesive lift. • Electrostatic dust lifter. • Flashlight (oblique lighting). • Forceps/tweezers. • Glass vials. • Slides and slide mailers. • Trace evidence vacuum with disposable collection filters. • Calculator. • Canned smoke. • Dummy. • Laser. • Mirror. • Protractor. • String. • Trajectory rods. Trace Evidence Collection Kit Trajectory Kit

30. Vocabulary

31. Crime scene: Any physical location in which a crime has occurred or is suspected of having occurred. • Primary crime scene: The original location of a crime or accident. • Secondary crime scene: An alternate location where additional evidence may be found. • Suspect: Person thought to be capable of committing a crime. • Accomplice: Person associated with someone suspected of committing a crime. • Alibi: Statement of where a person was at the time the crime was committed. • Testimonial evidence: includes oral or written statements given to police as well as court testimony by people who witnessed an event. • Physical evidence: refers to any material items that would be present at the crime scene, on the victims, or found in a suspect’s possession. • Trace evidence: refers to physical evidence that is found in small but measurable amounts, such as strands of hair, fibers, or skin cells. • Drug Chemistry: Determines the presence of controlled substances and the identification of marijuana

32. Microscopy: Microscopic identification and comparison of evidence, such as hairs, fibers, woods, soils, building materials, insulation and other materials. • Biology/DNA: Analysis of body fluids and dried stains such as blood, semen, and saliva. • Toxicology: Tests body fluids and tissues to determine the presence of drugs and poisons. • Latent Prints: Identification and comparison of fingerprints or other hidden impressions from sources like feet, shoes, ears, lips or the tread on vehicle tires. • Ballistics (Firearms): Study of bullets and ammunition through the comparison of fired bullets, cartridges, guns, and gunpowder patterns on people and objects. • Toolmarks: Examines marks left by tools on objects at a crime scene or on a victim, such as a hammer used to break a door or a screwdriver used to pick a lock. • Questioned Documents: Examination of documents to compare handwriting, ink, paper, writing instruments, printers, and other characteristics that would help to identify its origin. • Trace Chemistry: Identification and comparison of materials from fires, explosions, paints, and glass.

33. Works Cited • http://www.myteacherpages.com/webpages/mri/science.cfm?subpage=803236 • http://www.nij.gov/topics/law-enforcement/investigations/crime-scene/guides/equipment-csi.htm